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... intervention through socialsskills training (SST).sSST “involves teaching specific skills (e.g., maintaining eyescontact, initiating conversation) through behavioral and social learningstechniques” (=-=White, Keonig, & Scahill, 2006-=-, p. 1859) and can be of benefit tosprevent social dysfunction.sIndividuals with AS or HFA are at a higher risk thansthose of the general public for unemployment and less satisfying personalsrelations...

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...ith AS or HFA are at a higher risk thansthose of the general public for unemployment and less satisfying personalsrelationships, so they rely on SST to learn how to navigate their socialsenvironment (=-=Rao, Beidel, & Murray, 2008-=-).sThe environment after secondaryseducation becomes less predictable as social contexts are continuously changing,smaking this time occasionally overwhelming (Giarelli, Ruttenberg, & Segal,s2013).sTh...

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...e DSM-III (1980). However,sit became a widely recognizable condition in which individuals who received thesdiagnosis were noted to have the diagnostic features of ASD but an IQ in the range aboves70 (=-=Ghaziuddin & MountainKimchi, 2004-=-).sThe main characteristic for differentiatingsthe diagnosis of one over the other was to determine if a language delay was presents(HFA) or not (AS), leading to a distinction that can be problematic ...

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...hieve some level of independence (Giarelli & Fisher, 2013) through advanceds20seducation, employment, or in their social life.sSome long for greater intimacy, both insthe platonic and romantic sense (=-=Muller et al., 2008-=-), and others see themselves assadvocating for ASs(Muller et al., 2008).sTransition is a longitudinal process and “shouldsbe considered not a single event, but as a process that may span months/years”...

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... up to 25%sof diagnosed cases (Huguet, Ey, & Bourgeron, 2013).sFamilies may be referred to asgenetics specialist to determine if the cause of the ASD lies in this 25%, or to assign asrecurrence risk (=-=Carter & Scherer, 2013-=-) based on empiric evidence.sMany adults continue to depend on family for support, which may in part be duesto the lack of understanding and effective advocates for AS.sThere is still a gaping holesof...

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...epigeneticsfactors that result in ASD and AS.sAs of today, what we can summarize is that mostscauses of ASD remain unknown, however, a genetic cause can be identified in up to 25%sof diagnosed cases (=-=Huguet, Ey, & Bourgeron, 2013-=-).sFamilies may be referred to asgenetics specialist to determine if the cause of the ASD lies in this 25%, or to assign asrecurrence risk (Carter & Scherer, 2013) based on empiric evidence.sMany adul...

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...AS.sDue to the removal of AS from the new DSM-5s(APA, 2013), it is likely that individuals who would have previously received a diagnosissof AS will now receive a diagnosis along the autism spectrum (=-=Huerta et al., 2012-=-). Thesincreasing prevalence of ASD to 1 in 68 (CDC, 2014) was paralleled by the identificationsof a variety of genetic causes of ASD (Persico & Napolini, 2013) in about 25% of casess(Huguet et al., 2...

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...concept that each individual has a varying degree of neurological abilities, and thereforesreceiving a diagnosis of a specific neurological or neurodevelopmental disorder is just asvariant of normal (=-=Jaarsma & Welin, 2011-=-).sOne of the key points of the neurodiversitysmovement is that the condition, this variant of normal, is a part of what makes a persons5swho they are.sThis would lead individuals to refer to themselv...

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...es AS actually goesson to sustained employment.sWhile the greatest correlation of this employment was thesability to communicate, individuals with AS are still struggling to obtain and maintainsjobs (=-=Roux et al., 2013-=-).sThis might be attributed to the general lack of understanding ofsAS by employers and community members.sThe AS community themselves feel thatstheir main advocates, the health and social service pro...

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...people with AS and therefore do not effectively work to get their supportsneeds met. Increasing awareness among employers, coworkers, and job coaches possiblysincreases the potential for this change (=-=Griffith, Totsika, Nash, & Hastings, 2012-=-).sJust like any other individual in the community, individuals with AS want tosachieve some level of independence (Giarelli & Fisher, 2013) through advanceds20seducation, employment, or in their soci...

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...ssion.sThesestenets are “genetic information is key,” “patient autonomy must be supported,” “patientssare resilient,” “patients emotions matter,” and “relationship is integral to geneticscounseling” (=-=Veach, Bartels, & LeRoy, 2007-=-, p.724).s“The most important and impactfulsoutcomes of genetic counseling from clients’ perspectives are often of a psychosocialsnature” (Austin, Semaka, & Hadjipavlou, 2014, p. 905).sIf genetic coun...

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...ntegral to geneticscounseling” (Veach, Bartels, & LeRoy, 2007, p.724).s“The most important and impactfulsoutcomes of genetic counseling from clients’ perspectives are often of a psychosocialsnature” (=-=Austin, Semaka, & Hadjipavlou, 2014-=-, p. 905).sIf genetic counselors and othersadvocates were aware of the struggles that these individuals face with regards tostransition into adulthood and achieving their future goals, the focus of th...

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...encesdifficulties interpreting social cues and relating to peers which can, at least in part, besattributed to an inappropriate use of nonverbal behaviors and lack of social or emotionalsreciprocity (=-=Giarelli & Fisher, 2013-=-).sMuller, Shuler, & Yates (2008) investigated thescommunication challenges that affect social interactions and found that participants instheir study “dreaded having to engage in ‘chit-chat’ with col...

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...develop and take on different roles in their community.sAs children grow into adulthoodsthey gain independence over their future in social, vocational and educational realmss(Giarelli & Fisher, 2013; =-=Giarelli et al., 2013-=-).sFor some it means taking responsibilitysfor their health, forming romantic relationships, beginning their own family, getting ascollege degree, and supporting themselves by obtaining a job.sThe tra...

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...ight participants was a limitationsof this study.sHowever, findings were consistent with previous studies thatsperformed interviews in this population (Giarelli & Fisher, 2013; Giarelli et al.,s2013; =-=Punshon et al., 2009-=-).sThe nature of the AS or HFA diagnosis could be ascontributing factor to this, and the sharing of information with a stranger couldshave made the task of completing an online survey or talking over ...

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...ast 20 yearssgrowing what they refer to as an “Aspie culture.”sThey fear for a loss of identity,scommunity, and services received, as well as foresee an unfavorable trend towards thes“cure movement” (=-=Spillers, Sensul, & Linton, 2014-=-).sSince the 1990s, the “Aspies” havesfollowed the lead of Judy Singer to support the “neurodiversity” movement, whichshighlights the concept that each individual has a varying degree of neurological ...