Abstract not found

illiam Harold Hutt (1899-1988) was a courageous and independent maverick whose work has long been respected by those who work in the Austrian tradition. His scope was broad, encompassing the study of labor and the relationship between government and the economy, but he is probably best known for his monetary economics. Those who know Hutt's scholarship are likely to consider it "underappreciated, " either because his principal work was a criticism of Keynes published at the height of Keynes's influence (Hutt 1963) or specifically because its catallactic, individualistic method was hardly in keeping with the methodological spirit of the 1960s. It is also true, though, that Hutt's writings are difficult to follow and sometimes reflect a utilitarianism that is inconsistent with thoroughgoing subjectivism. Nonetheless, as I hope this survey will indicate, there is much in Hutt's work-particularly his monetary economicsthat will delight anyone who is sympathetic to the approach of the Austrian school. Born in 1899 to a working-class family in London (Seldon 1988),

… a journal publishing papers (in the soil, plant and animal sciences)

Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz (L.macranthoides) is a medicinal herb that is widely distributed in southern China. The biosynthetic and metabolic pathways for a core secondary metabolite in L.macranthoides, chlorogenic acid (CGA), have been elucidated in many spe-cies. However, the mechanisms of CGA biosynthesis and the related gene regulatory network in L.macranthoides are still not well understood. In this study, CGA content was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and CGA levels differed significantly among three tissues; specifically, the CGA content in young leaves (YL) was greater than that in young stems (YS), which was greater than that in mature flowers (MF). Transcriptome anal-ysis of L.macranthoides yielded a total of 53,533,014 clean reads (average length 90 bp) and 76,453 unigenes (average length 703 bp). A total of 3,767 unigenes were involved in biosyn-thesis pathways of secondary metabolites. Of these unigenes, 80 were possibly related to CGA biosynthesis. Furthermore, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened in different tissues including YL, MF and YS. In these tissues, 24 DEGs were found to be as-sociated with CGA biosynthesis, including six phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) genes, six 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase (4CL) genes, four cinnamate 4-Hydroxylase (C4H) genes, seven hydroxycinnamoyl transferase/hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate transferaseHCT/HQT genes and one coumarate 3-hydroxylase (C3H) gene.These results further the understanding of CGA biosynthesis and the related regulatory network in L.macranthoides.