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...re concise, reusable, evolvable, and Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. SIGSOFT’06/FSE-14, November 5–11, 2006, Portland, Oregon, USA. Copyright 2006 ACM 1-59593-468-5/06/0011 ...$5.00. reliable [6, 13]. Several researchers [8, 20, 23] have explored new programming techniques in order to reap the promised benefits of existing exception handling mechanisms. In spite of this, achieving modular implementations of error handling code is still difficult for software engineers. The main problem is that realistic software systems exhibit very intricate relationships involving the normal-processing code and error recovery concerns. Moreover, exception handling is known to be a global design issue [10] that affects almost all the system modules [20], mostly in an application-specific fashion [1]. Also, a large part of the system cod...

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...exception throwing declarations are explicitly checked at run time only, not at compile time. Java’s insistence that most exceptions be either caught or explicitly declared as thrown is controversial =-=[29, 30]-=-. Frustrated Java programmers are known to pacify the compiler by adding blanket catch clauses that catch and discard all possible exceptions. C# imposes no static validation; Sacramento et al. [26] f...

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...ate the list of unhandled exceptions thatseach method signals to its clients, otherwise, the compiler willsreport an error. The main problem with this approach is that itshinders software maintenance =-=[14]-=-. If a new exception is added tosthe exception interface of a method at the bottom of the methodscall chain, the exception interfaces of all methods through whichsthe new exception will be propagated ...

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...nisms to associate exception handlers with exception flows in a Java program, providing developers with local control over global exceptions. In addition, it leverages anchored exception declarations =-=[5]-=- as a workaround to some of the maintenance problems inherent to Java-based exception handling. The authors have shown that the use of EJFlow yields programs with better quality attributes, when compa...

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...ceptions, especially their behaviors and flows may help with their better use and handling [28, 35]. Previous work, such as JML [25], ESC/Java [12], the work of Jacobs et al. [16] anchored exceptions =-=[39]-=-, Jex [33] and EJFlow [5] enable reasoning about behaviors or flows of exceptions. However, they are tailored for systems in which invocation relations among the modules are explicit and known, i.e. e...

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...dings. In this paper, we built an application using components without using nested classes. So while nested classes provide certain benefits, they are not a requirement for component composition. In =-=[44]-=-, we introduced anchored exception declarations to remove hard references from the exceptional specification of a component. They allow the exceptional specification of a method to be declared relativ...