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Bayes Factors

by Robert E. Kass, Adrian E. Raftery , 1995
"... In a 1935 paper, and in his book Theory of Probability, Jeffreys developed a methodology for quantifying the evidence in favor of a scientific theory. The centerpiece was a number, now called the Bayes factor, which is the posterior odds of the null hypothesis when the prior probability on the null ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1826 (74 self) - Add to MetaCart
is one-half. Although there has been much discussion of Bayesian hypothesis testing in the context of criticism of P -values, less attention has been given to the Bayes factor as a practical tool of applied statistics. In this paper we review and discuss the uses of Bayes factors in the context of five

An ecological perspective on health promotion programs

by Kenneth R. Mcleroy, Daniel Bibeau Phd, Allan Steckler Drph, Karen Glanz, Kenneth R. Mcleroy, Daniel Bibeau, Department Public Health - Health Education Quarterly , 1988
"... During the past 20 years there has been a dramatic increase in societal interest in preventing disability and death in the United States by changing individual behaviors linked to the risk of contracting chronic diseases. This renewed interest in health pro-motion and disease prevention has not been ..."
Abstract - Cited by 499 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
not been without its critics. Some critics have accused proponents of life-style interventions of promoting a victim-blaming ideology by neglecting the importance of social influences on health and disease. This article proposes an ecological model for health promotion which focuses atten-tion on both

The struggle to govern the commons

by Thomas Dietz, Elinor Ostrom, Paul C. Stern - Science , 2003
"... Human institutions—ways of organizing activities—affect the resilience of the environ-ment. Locally evolved institutional arrangements governed by stable communities and buffered from outside forces have sustained resources successfully for centuries, al-though they often fail when rapid change occu ..."
Abstract - Cited by 661 (17 self) - Add to MetaCart
occurs. Ideal conditions for governance are increasingly rare. Critical problems, such as transboundary pollution, tropical deforesta-tion, and climate change, are at larger scales and involve nonlocal influences. Promising strategies for addressing these problems include dialogue among interested

Cilk: An Efficient Multithreaded Runtime System

by Robert D. Blumofe, Christopher F. Joerg, Bradley C. Kuszmaul, Charles E. Leiserson, Keith H. Randall, Yuli Zhou , 1995
"... Cilk (pronounced “silk”) is a C-based runtime system for multithreaded parallel programming. In this paper, we document the efficiency of the Cilk work-stealing scheduler, both empirically and analytically. We show that on real and synthetic applications, the “work” and “critical path ” of a Cilk co ..."
Abstract - Cited by 763 (33 self) - Add to MetaCart
Cilk (pronounced “silk”) is a C-based runtime system for multithreaded parallel programming. In this paper, we document the efficiency of the Cilk work-stealing scheduler, both empirically and analytically. We show that on real and synthetic applications, the “work” and “critical path ” of a Cilk

Implementing data cubes efficiently

by Venky Harinarayan, Anand Rajaraman, Jeffrey D. Ulman - In SIGMOD , 1996
"... Decision support applications involve complex queries on very large databases. Since response times should be small, query optimization is critical. Users typically view the data as multidimensional data cubes. Each cell of the data cube is a view consisting of an aggregation of interest, like total ..."
Abstract - Cited by 548 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
Decision support applications involve complex queries on very large databases. Since response times should be small, query optimization is critical. Users typically view the data as multidimensional data cubes. Each cell of the data cube is a view consisting of an aggregation of interest, like

Combining Branch Predictors

by Scott Mcfarling , 1993
"... One of the key factors determining computer performance is the degree to which the implementation can take advantage of instruction-level paral-lelism. Perhaps the most critical limit to this parallelism is the presence of conditional branches that determine which instructions need to be executed ne ..."
Abstract - Cited by 629 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
One of the key factors determining computer performance is the degree to which the implementation can take advantage of instruction-level paral-lelism. Perhaps the most critical limit to this parallelism is the presence of conditional branches that determine which instructions need to be executed

Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for integrating technology in teacher knowledge.

by M J Koehler , P Mishra - Teachers College Record, , 2006
"... Abstract This paper describes a framework for teacher knowledge for technology integration called technological pedagogical content knowledge (originally TPCK, now known as TPACK, or technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge). This framework builds on Lee Shulman's construct of pedagogical c ..."
Abstract - Cited by 420 (19 self) - Add to MetaCart
content knowledge (PCK) to include technology knowledge. The development of TPACK by teachers is critical to effective teaching with technology. The paper begins with a brief introduction to the complex, illstructured nature of teaching. The nature of technologies (both analog and digital) is considered

The structure of phenotypic personality traits

by Lewis R. Goldberg - American Psychologist , 1993
"... This personal historical article traces the development of the Big-Five factor structure, whose growing acceptance by personality researchers has profoundly influenced the scientific study of individual differences. The roots of this taxonomy lie in the lexical hypothesis and the insights of Sir Fra ..."
Abstract - Cited by 383 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
This personal historical article traces the development of the Big-Five factor structure, whose growing acceptance by personality researchers has profoundly influenced the scientific study of individual differences. The roots of this taxonomy lie in the lexical hypothesis and the insights of Sir

A Simple Panel Unit Root Test in the Presence of Cross Section Dependence

by M. Hashem Pesaran - JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMETRICS , 2006
"... A number of panel unit root tests that allow for cross section dependence have been proposed in the literature that use orthogonalization type procedures to asymptotically eliminate the cross dependence of the series before standard panel unit root tests are applied to the transformed series. In thi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 372 (16 self) - Add to MetaCart
, and their simple averages. It is shown that the individual CADF statistics are asymptotically similar and do not depend on the factor loadings. The limit distribution of the average CADF statistic is shown to exist and its critical values are tabulated. Small sample properties of the proposed test are investigated

Improving MapReduce Performance in Heterogeneous Environments

by Matei Zaharia, Andy Konwinski, Anthony D. Joseph, Randy Katz, Ion Stoica , 2008
"... MapReduce is emerging as an important programming model for large-scale data-parallel applications such as web indexing, data mining, and scientific simulation. Hadoop is an open-source implementation of MapReduce enjoying wide adoption and is often used for short jobs where low response time is cri ..."
Abstract - Cited by 350 (19 self) - Add to MetaCart
is critical. Hadoop’s performance is closely tied to its task scheduler, which implicitly assumes that cluster nodes are homogeneous and tasks make progress linearly, and uses these assumptions to decide when to speculatively re-execute tasks that appear to be stragglers. In practice, the homogeneity
Results 1 - 10 of 27,142