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Shadmehr R, Dissociating timing and coordination as functions of the cerebellum (2007)
| Venue: | J Neurosci |
| Citations: | 10 - 0 self |
BibTeX
@ARTICLE{Diedrichsen07shadmehrr,,
author = {Jörn Diedrichsen and Sarah E. Criscimagna-hemminger and Reza Shadmehr},
title = {Shadmehr R, Dissociating timing and coordination as functions of the cerebellum},
journal = {J Neurosci},
year = {2007},
pages = {6301}
}
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Abstract
The function of the cerebellum in motor control is a long-standing puzzle because cerebellar damage is associated with both timing and coordination deficits. Timing is the ability to produce consistent intervals between movements based on an internal representation of time. Coordination, in contrast, is a state-dependent control process in which motor commands to one effector depend on the predicted state of another effector. Here we considered a task consisting of two components, an arm movement and an isometric press with the thumb. We found that when the two components temporally overlapped, the brain controlled the thumb using an estimate of the state of the arm. In contrast, when the components did not temporally overlap, the brain controlled the thumb solely based on an internal estimate of time. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we contrasted these two conditions and found that lobule V of the cerebellum ipsilateral to the arm movement was consistently more activated during state-dependent control. When the brain learned time-dependent control, no region of the cerebellum showed consistently increased activity compared with state-dependent control. Rather, the consistent activity associated with time-dependent control was found in language areas of the left cerebral hemisphere along the Sylvian fissure. We suggest that timing and coordination are behaviorally distinct modes of motor control and that the anterior cerebellum is a crucial node in state-dependent motor control, computing a predictive state estimate of one effector (e.g., the arm) to coordinate actions of another effector (the thumb). Key words: motor control; fMRI; timing; forward models; generalization; cerebellum
Keyphrases
motor control arm movement time-dependent control state-dependent control cerebellar damage consistent activity consistent interval language area functional magnetic resonance imaging crucial node state-dependent motor control sylvian fissure long-standing puzzle predicted state effector depend left cerebral predictive state estimate distinct mode isometric press internal estimate internal representation anterior cerebellum key word coordination deficit state-dependent control process
