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The chronoarchitecture of the cerebral cortex
| Citations: | 9 - 0 self |
BibTeX
@MISC{Bartels_thechronoarchitecture,
author = {Andreas Bartels and Semir Zeki},
title = {The chronoarchitecture of the cerebral cortex},
year = {}
}
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Abstract
We review here a new approach to mapping the human cerebral cortex into distinct subdivisions. Unlike cytoarchitecture or traditional functional imaging, it does not rely on specific anatomical markers or functional hypotheses. Instead, we propose that the unique activity time course (ATC) of each cortical subdivision, elicited during natural conditions, acts as a temporal fingerprint that can be used to segregate cortical subdivisions, map their spatial extent, and reveal their functional and potentially anatomical connectivity. We argue that since the modular organisation of the brain and its connectivity evolved and developed in natural conditions, these are optimal for revealing its organisation. We review the concepts, methodology and first results of this approach, relying on data obtained with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) when volunteers viewed traditional stimuli or a James Bond movie. Independent component analysis (ICA) was used to identify voxels belonging to distinct functional subdivisions, based on their differential spatio-temporal fingerprints. Many more regions could be segregated during natural viewing, demonstrating that the complexity of natural stimuli leads to more differential responses in more functional modules. We demonstrate that, in a single experiment, a multitude of distinct regions can be identified across the whole brain, even within the visual cortex, including areas V1, V4 and V5. This differentiation is based entirely on the
Keyphrases
cerebral cortex cortical subdivision natural condition temporal fingerprint independent component analysis new approach whole brain human cerebral cortex functional module functional magnetic resonance imaging distinct region single experiment differential response anatomical connectivity visual cortex spatial extent unique activity time course traditional functional imaging distinct subdivision natural stimulus specific anatomical marker traditional stimulus functional hypothesis james bond movie differential spatio-temporal fingerprint natural viewing first result modular organisation area v1 functional subdivision
