Citation Context

...iment movement.s3. Improved Substrate Size Distribution: High proportions of fine sand in spawning gravel and in pools are linked withsdecreased fish populations and decreased spawning success (e.g., =-=Chapman 1988-=-, PWA 1994).s3a. Substrate sediments< 0.85 mms<14% bysvolumesMeasured in potential spawning gravels and evaluated as long-term runningsaverages; addresses embryo development and emergence. Reference: ...

Citation Context

... of pools greater than 15 feet depth and increase insmaximum depth of individual pools within reaches tracked over time.s2b. Tributary Pool Recovery-V* 0.21swesternstribs;s0.10 otherstribssReference: =-=Lisle and Hilton 1992-=-, Hilton and Lisle 1993, Knopp 1993, Lisle,spers. comm. 1998. Western tribs are those subwatershed areas inspredominantly “fines-rich” geology west of the mainstem South Fork TrinitysRiver.s2c. Increa...

Citation Context

...ss than 6 m (20 ft.) of the Illinoian age Glasford Formation.sOver the remainder of the site, surficial materials are mapped as greater than 6 m (20 ft.) of Glasford Formation (Vandalia Till Member) (=-=Hansel and Johnson 1996-=-).sThe Cahokia Formation consists primarily of poorly-sorted sand, silt, or clay with local lenses of sand and gravel, and the Glasford Formation consists primarily of glacial tills and intercalated o...

Citation Context

...15 feet depth and increase insmaximum depth of individual pools within reaches tracked over time.s2b. Tributary Pool Recovery-V* 0.21swesternstribs;s0.10 otherstribssReference: Lisle and Hilton 1992, =-=Hilton and Lisle 1993-=-, Knopp 1993, Lisle,spers. comm. 1998. Western tribs are those subwatershed areas inspredominantly “fines-rich” geology west of the mainstem South Fork TrinitysRiver.s2c. Increased channelscomplexity:...

Citation Context

...had been pre-incubatedsovernight in 5% CO2 (Koomey and Falkow, 1987). For exami-snation of secreted proteins, chemically defined media contain-sing free amino acids were used as described previouslys(=-=Catlin, 1973-=-). E. coil HB101 (Betheseda Research Labo-sratories) was used in plasmid cloning experiments, andsrecombinant strains were grown at 37°C in Luria-Bertanis(LB) medium supplemented with the appropriate ...

Citation Context

...designating a specific region where referencessites are desired.sSince the early 90’s the ODEQ has used both ecoregion and basin as study areasscales.sWe have relied on Omernik’s Level III ecoregion (=-=Thorson et al, 2003-=-; Omernik, 1986)sas a framework in which to establish reference sites. The use of ecoregion as an appropriatesgeographic framework has been suggested (Bryce et al, 1999; Hughes and Larsen, 1988) andsu...

Citation Context

...mernik’s Level III ecoregion (Thorson et al, 2003; Omernik, 1986)sas a framework in which to establish reference sites. The use of ecoregion as an appropriatesgeographic framework has been suggested (=-=Bryce et al, 1999-=-; Hughes and Larsen, 1988) andsused in a number of state and EPA programs (Griffith, 1999). This allows for an appropriatesdistribution of sites across both state and watershed boundaries. Ecoregions ...

Citation Context

...ecoregion (Thorson et al, 2003; Omernik, 1986)sas a framework in which to establish reference sites. The use of ecoregion as an appropriatesgeographic framework has been suggested (Bryce et al, 1999; =-=Hughes and Larsen, 1988-=-) andsused in a number of state and EPA programs (Griffith, 1999). This allows for an appropriatesdistribution of sites across both state and watershed boundaries. Ecoregions are recognized as asconsi...

Citation Context

...s are derived from field work in the NorthsCoastal Region by Weaver and Hagans (1994). For example, Hagans (1998, pers. comm.) estimates that about 95%sof stream crossing diversions are controllable (=-=Hagans, et al., 1986-=-). Estimates of controllable percentage of harvestsand other factors are based on staff judgment and experience. Estimates of natural background loading levels aresprovided for different mass wasting ...

Citation Context

...es induce the pspsoperon when expressed in E. coli (Russel and Kasmier-sczak, 1993; Possot et aL, 1992). As this response can bestriggered by other membrane-perturbing stimuli (Brissetteset aL, 1990; =-=Carlson and Silhavy, 1993-=-), it was proposedsthat the homologues might activate psp expression in assimilar manner (Russel and Kazmierczak, 1993). Cluessas to the functions of the homologues are most clearlysfound in the filam...

Citation Context

...ively blocked any overland drainage from the western portion of the site into the north-south ditch. Geology The uppermost bedrock unit in the project area is the Pennsylvanian-age Mattoon Formation (=-=Kolata 2005-=-).sThe Mattoon Formation is described as a complex unit of thin limestones, coals, shales, and sandstones (Willman et al. 1975).sDepth to bedrock in the project area is mapped as less than 7.6 m (25 f...

Citation Context

...be used to compare the pre- and post-construction hydrology of the site, to determine the impact of hydrologic alterations on the area, and to measure the duration of wetland hydrology (Environmental =-=Laboratory 1987-=-).sSUMMARY The following factors indicate that the potential for wetland preservation and creation at this compensation site is moderate: ! Hydrologic monitoring and visual observations in Spring 2006...

Citation Context

... well as geomorphic changes and damage tosfishery habitat following the 1964 storm. Two USGS investigations provide estimates for sediment discharge fromsthe South Fork basin for the period 1957-1970(=-=Knott 1974-=-, Hawley and Jones 1969). A 1972 report by the USDAsSoil Conservation Service (USDA River Basin Planning Staff, 1972) included sediment source estimates for fivesNorthern California coastal river syst...

Citation Context

... a 50-foot high delta following the 1964 floods(Matthews 1998). These results are not surprising given that they appear to be among the highest sedimentproducing subwatersheds in the basin (PWA 1994, =-=Raines and Kelsey 1991-=-).sThe USFS is currently engaged in monitoring selected “response” reaches--those that have exhibited significantschanges in the past and are expected to continue to reflect continued downstream movem...

Citation Context

...rate for sites on the west side of the basin (Lewis andsRice analysis unit 1) and another for the east side (Lewis and Rice analysis unit 2) based on their data. The datasfrom Lewis and Rie (1989, in =-=Raines 1998-=-) do not distinguish between harvest method, nor is delivery of erosion tosstreams explicitly stated. To be conservative, erosion rates were doubled for the period 1960 to 1975 to account forsless sen...

Citation Context

... a NNE/SSW-trending bedrock valley with an elevation between 137 to 152 m (450 and 500 ft.) (Herzog et al. 1994). Surficial materials in the project area are mapped as less than 7.6 m (25 ft.) thick (=-=Piskin and Bergstrom 1975-=-).sImmediately adjacent to Green Creek, surficial materials are mapped as less than 6 m (20 ft.) of the recent Cahokia Formation alluvium overlying less than 6 m (20 ft.) of the Illinoian age Glasford...

Citation Context

...ations for the cold water fishery, including sedimented or armored spawningsriffles, impaired invertebrate production, and limited pool habitat (CH2MHill 1985, in Haskins and Irizarry 1988,sPWA 1994, =-=Borok and Jong 1997-=-).sSpecific Problem Statementss1. Decline in Fish PopulationssThis statement relates directly to the COLD beneficial use. Although the populations of spring and fall-run chinook,swinter and summer ste...

Citation Context

...stimated at over 3,300sin 1963. Later counts estimated 500 or fewer fish in the late 1980s, with somewhat higher numbers documentedsonly in the last few years (as high as 1,835 in 1996) (Healey 1963, =-=LaFaunce 1967-=-, LaFaunce 1975, Jong & Millss1994, PWA 1994, Jong 1997). Other species, including steelhead, also declined in number, although data are moresscarce.sLife Cycle and Habitat RequirementssSalmonids are ...

Citation Context

...sHuman Disturbance Index Reach (HDIreach) - The reach level human disturbance scoring andsranking method was developed as an objective procedure for scoring and ranking all potentialsreference sites (=-=Drake, 2003-=-).sIt consists of a site level assessment that is performed during asreconnaissance or sampling visit. The reach level checklist is a tool intended to document thessignificant human disturbance activi...

Citation Context

...ck in the project area is mapped as less than 7.6 m (25 ft.), and the site is situated along the SE wall of a NNE/SSW-trending bedrock valley with an elevation between 137 to 152 m (450 and 500 ft.) (=-=Herzog et al. 1994-=-). Surficial materials in the project area are mapped as less than 7.6 m (25 ft.) thick (Piskin and Bergstrom 1975).sImmediately adjacent to Green Creek, surficial materials are mapped as less than 6 ...

Citation Context

...umeric Targets - 18s(the number of returning spawners) was greater than 10,000 fish (Healey 1963, LaFaunce 1967). This is consistentswith anecdotal observations of large numbers of fish in the river (=-=Berol 1995-=-). The December 1955 flood probablysalso affected the fish population temporarily; an aerial redd count in 1958 noted only 101 spring chinook reddss(LaFaunce 1967, citing USFWS 1960). However, large s...

Citation Context

...he SPAWN, COLD andsMIGR beneficial uses, as well as the potential for sediment and settleable material to adversely affect pool habitat.sCDFG’s survey of the spring chinook in the basin in 1994-1995 (=-=Dean 1996-=-a) indicated that many of the fish weresholding in 16 pools, with only one of these located downstream of Hyampom and none upstream of Forest Glen.sLow water levels and high temperatures appeared to l...

Citation Context

...Acres of burn area within eachssub-area were multiplied by a conservative erosion rate of 5.2 tons/ac for one year based on soil loss simulations forsa high disturbance fire (Elliot and others, 1996; =-=Elliot and Robichaud, 1998-=-, in Raines 1998).sShasta-Trinity vegetation layers allowed identification of non-timbered areas in grass and oak woodland andschaparral acreage by sub-basin. The erosion rate for grass and oak woodla...

Citation Context

...gsgravels. This has resulted in limitations for the cold water fishery, including sedimented or armored spawningsriffles, impaired invertebrate production, and limited pool habitat (CH2MHill 1985, in =-=Haskins and Irizarry 1988-=-,sPWA 1994, Borok and Jong 1997).sSpecific Problem Statementss1. Decline in Fish PopulationssThis statement relates directly to the COLD beneficial use. Although the populations of spring and fall-run...

Citation Context

...awners were estimated at over 3,300sin 1963. Later counts estimated 500 or fewer fish in the late 1980s, with somewhat higher numbers documentedsonly in the last few years (as high as 1,835 in 1996) (=-=Healey 1963-=-, LaFaunce 1967, LaFaunce 1975, Jong & Millss1994, PWA 1994, Jong 1997). Other species, including steelhead, also declined in number, although data are moresscarce.sLife Cycle and Habitat Requirements...

Citation Context

...morphic changes and damage tosfishery habitat following the 1964 storm. Two USGS investigations provide estimates for sediment discharge fromsthe South Fork basin for the period 1957-1970(Knott 1974, =-=Hawley and Jones 1969-=-). A 1972 report by the USDAsSoil Conservation Service (USDA River Basin Planning Staff, 1972) included sediment source estimates for fivesNorthern California coastal river systems, including the Trin...

Citation Context

...d 5% average for mainstem). Methods may not be directly comparable. Other data points are reported by CDFG, and are assumed to be collected under consistent CDFG protocol. Sources: Borok & Jong 1997, =-=Jong 1995-=-, USFS 1990 Moreover, these hillslope and road-related sediment production sources effectively represent potential orstemporarily modified existing impairments. Measures of water conditions do not ref...

Citation Context

...l spawning gravels and evaluated as long-term runningsaverages; addresses embryo development and emergence. Reference: Burnss1970, Cederholm et. al 1981, Chapman 1988, Peterson et. al 1992, Borok ands=-=Jong 1997-=-.s4. Decreased Sediment Delivery: Addresses the need to achieve adequate watershed conditions to ensure adequate water qualitysand to reduce temporarily “controlled” water quality impairments in order...

Citation Context

...andsKelsey 1991). The USFS conducted a landslide inventory of the lower South Fork basin for its Watershed Analysiss(USFS 1998b) and also conducted a basinwide assessment of existing channel storage (=-=Llanos 1998-=-).sThe Grouse Creek sediment budget (Raines and Kelsey 1991), which was developed for the Six Rivers NationalsForest, covered the period from 1960 to 1989 and reported a sediment production rate of 1,...