Citation Context

...ping the former Athens International Airport to a green park with onlyslight recreational facilities, namely the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM). The FDM is an analyticalsprocess based on the Delphi Method =-=[34, 35]-=- and is actually an expert judgment method that involvessa structured process for the systematic collection and collation of judgments from a group of expertssby means of a series of questionnaires in...

Citation Context

...ping the former Athens International Airport to a green park with onlyslight recreational facilities, namely the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM). The FDM is an analyticalsprocess based on the Delphi Method =-=[34, 35]-=- and is actually an expert judgment method that involvessa structured process for the systematic collection and collation of judgments from a group of expertssby means of a series of questionnaires in...

Citation Context

...at should be collected from a reasonably stable marketsperiod. Additional issues may arise with respect to econometric model specifi cation and level ofsdisaggregation, market distortions, etc. (e.g. =-=[32, 33]-=-). Finally, it should be mentioned that thesmethod cannot be easily applied when potential changes on the environmental quality aresinvestigated, thus it is mainly used in ex-post analyses. Yet, a det...

Citation Context

... of urban opensspace have taken place since 1930 [26]. Toward this direction, a number of approaches have beensapplied, such as the fi scal impact analysis (also known as cost–revenue analysis) (e.g. =-=[27]-=-), thescontingent valuation method (e.g. [8, 28, 29]) and the hedonic pricing method (e.g. [30, 31]).sNevertheless, there has been a continuous debate concerning theoretical and practical issues of th...

Citation Context

...aches have beensapplied, such as the fi scal impact analysis (also known as cost–revenue analysis) (e.g. [27]), thescontingent valuation method (e.g. [8, 28, 29]) and the hedonic pricing method (e.g. =-=[30, 31]-=-).sNevertheless, there has been a continuous debate concerning theoretical and practical issues of thesabove-mentioned techniques, in particular the use of the hedonic pricing and the contingent valua...

Citation Context

...930 [26]. Toward this direction, a number of approaches have beensapplied, such as the fi scal impact analysis (also known as cost–revenue analysis) (e.g. [27]), thescontingent valuation method (e.g. =-=[8, 28, 29]-=-) and the hedonic pricing method (e.g. [30, 31]).sNevertheless, there has been a continuous debate concerning theoretical and practical issues of thesabove-mentioned techniques, in particular the use ...

Citation Context

...hat involvessa structured process for the systematic collection and collation of judgments from a group of expertssby means of a series of questionnaires interspersed with controlled opinion feedback =-=[36]-=-. ThesFDM, which is based on the theory of fuzzy sets, was adopted instead of the simple Delphi in ordersto deal with the effect of subjectivity of the experts, as well as the uncertainty imposed by t...

Citation Context

...ductions equivalent to traditional emissions controls costing US$136 persday [41], while savings on cooling costs for a typical household, in general, ranged between 1.9 ands2.5% per residential tree =-=[42]-=-. In addition to those fi ndings, the Center for Urban Forest Researchsof the USDA Forest Service estimated that the per tree average annual net benefi ts of energy savings, reduced atmospheric carbon...

Citation Context

...ns of the ‘replacement cost approach’ according of which the cost of replacing orsrestoring a damaged environmental asset to its original state can be used as a measure of the benefi tsof restoration =-=[18]-=-. The monetary benefi ts of LTCP soil remediation works have been estimated bysKarachaliou and Kaliampakos [19] through the development of a sophisticated method called ORFA,swhich stands for Optimum ...

Citation Context

...fy the benefi ts of urban forests in monetary terms is being carried outsduring the last three decades, although attempts to measure the economic value of urban opensspace have taken place since 1930 =-=[26]-=-. Toward this direction, a number of approaches have beensapplied, such as the fi scal impact analysis (also known as cost–revenue analysis) (e.g. [27]), thescontingent valuation method (e.g. [8, 28, ...

Citation Context

...s, Int. J. Sus. Dev. Plann. Vol. 7, No. 2 (2012) 177 2.2.2 Results Bearing in mind the social character of the LTCP, a real discount factor of 3%, which is a commonly accepted social rate of discount =-=[22]-=-, was used in order to estimate the present value ofsCUMP-NTUA’s cash fl ows. The past cash fl ows derived from the CUMP-NTUA’s income statements, while future cash fl ows were estimated on the basis ...

Citation Context

...al property value between 2 and 8%, within a rangesup to 3–7 miles. Similar results are reported from other studies (e.g. [3–5]). Using a differentsapproach, namely conjoint analysis, Alberini et al. =-=[6]-=- investigated the tradeoffs people of four citiessin Italy with severely contaminated sites were prepared to make between income and mortality risksreductions delivered by contaminated site remediatio...

Citation Context

....e. former industrial sites, airports, railway stations, etc.), which are commonly knownsas ‘brownfi elds’, have been abandoned. Although the true extent of the problem remains unclear,sOliver et al. =-=[1]-=- under the CLARINET and CABERNET networks provide some fi gures with respectsto the derelict land in some European countries, for example 128,000 hectares in Germany, 65,760shectares in England, 20,00...

Citation Context

...fi culty in assessing thesdegree of expertise incorporated into the forecast (e.g. [39]). Nevertheless, several studies indicateshigh agreement between the Delphi estimates and the real numbers (e.g. =-=[40]-=-).sD. Damigos & D. Kaliampakos, Int. J. Sus. Dev. Plann. Vol. 7, No. 2 (2012) 181 3.2.2 Survey characteristics A panel consisting of 10 real-estate experts was employed taking into consideration the p...

Citation Context

...imated through the ‘substitute costsapproach’ (also known as ‘alternative cost approach’), which refers to the least costly available substitute for the non-priced service or good under investigation =-=[20]-=-. In this context, the value of thesunderground waste repository was estimated as the saved cost of managing the waste by means ofsthe least-cost alternative solution, that is using a specialized subc...

Citation Context

...930 [26]. Toward this direction, a number of approaches have beensapplied, such as the fi scal impact analysis (also known as cost–revenue analysis) (e.g. [27]), thescontingent valuation method (e.g. =-=[8, 28, 29]-=-) and the hedonic pricing method (e.g. [30, 31]).sNevertheless, there has been a continuous debate concerning theoretical and practical issues of thesabove-mentioned techniques, in particular the use ...

Citation Context

...llows: x a a x bb a T b x cx c b c otherwise 0 −⎧ ⎫ ≤ ≤−⎪ ⎪⎪ ⎪ = ≤ ≤−⎨ ⎬ −⎪ ⎪⎪ ⎪⎩ ⎭ (3) where [a,c] is the supporting interval and the point (b,1) is the peak. The FDM consists of the following steps =-=[38]-=-: Step 1. The experts Ei, i = 1, 2, …., n, are asked to provide their estimates on the particularssubject, determining the minimum α1(i), the most plausible aM(i) and the maximum a2(i). The datasgiven...

Citation Context

...ductions could also be signifi cant. For example, the US studies estimated that a park in Chicagosprovided air pollution reductions equivalent to traditional emissions controls costing US$136 persday =-=[41]-=-, while savings on cooling costs for a typical household, in general, ranged between 1.9 ands2.5% per residential tree [42]. In addition to those fi ndings, the Center for Urban Forest Researchsof the...

Citation Context

...n Romania. Brownfi elds cause signifi cant environmental and socio-economic problems, which in turn havesalso economic implications. For example, the Offi ce of Emergency and Remedial Response (OERR)s=-=[2]-=- found that hazardous sites decrease the original property value between 2 and 8%, within a rangesup to 3–7 miles. Similar results are reported from other studies (e.g. [3–5]). Using a differentsappro...

Citation Context

...ny received the right to exploit the ancient ore residues, while thesFrench-Hellenic company, led by the Italian mining engineer J.B. Serpieri, acquired the miningsrights of the newly discovered ores =-=[14]-=-. Two years later, in 1875, Serpieri founded the most important industry in Greece at that period namely the French company ‘Compagnie Francaise des Minessdu Laurium’, which succeeded the ‘Mines du Ca...

Citation Context

...overnment’s willingness to pay to createsextra employment refl ects public preferences for employment increases, given that the governmentspromotes and supports the public interest. Tourkolias et al. =-=[17]-=- estimated that the public expenditures for creating one man-year of employment in Greece ranges from 4,000 to 12,000, with asweighted average estimated at 6,400 per man-year of employment. The latter...

Citation Context

...ntal asset to its original state can be used as a measure of the benefi tsof restoration [18]. The monetary benefi ts of LTCP soil remediation works have been estimated bysKarachaliou and Kaliampakos =-=[19]-=- through the development of a sophisticated method called ORFA,swhich stands for Optimum Remediation Funds Allocation. The basic concept of the ORFA methodsis to treat contaminated soil as a ‘negative...

Citation Context

...ted as the saved cost of managing the waste by means ofsthe least-cost alternative solution, that is using a specialized subcontractor to transfer the waste in ascertifi ed European disposal facility =-=[21]-=-.sD. Damigos & D. Kaliampakos, Int. J. Sus. Dev. Plann. Vol. 7, No. 2 (2012) 177 2.2.2 Results Bearing in mind the social character of the LTCP, a real discount factor of 3%, which is a commonly accep...

Citation Context

... by thesfi rst plan). In support of this proposal, the Local Union of Municipalities and Town Councils ofsAttica (LUMTCA) assigned a research project to the Urban Environment Laboratory (UEL) ofsNTUA =-=[24]-=-. The UEL research team estimated that the redevelopment of the former airport as a parkscould be achieved at a cost of k 100 and k 150 per hectare (i.e. a total cost between M 50 andsM 100), as indic...

Citation Context

...100 and k 150 per hectare (i.e. a total cost between M 50 andsM 100), as indicated by relevant projects, for example the redevelopment of the Maurice Rose Airfi eld in Frankfurt. Damigos and Laliotis =-=[25]-=- evaluated the two alternatives considering the effect of the proposedsplans to the property prices in the surrounding area. Given the scope and the objectives of the present study, the analysis herei...

Citation Context

...930 [26]. Toward this direction, a number of approaches have beensapplied, such as the fi scal impact analysis (also known as cost–revenue analysis) (e.g. [27]), thescontingent valuation method (e.g. =-=[8, 28, 29]-=-) and the hedonic pricing method (e.g. [30, 31]).sNevertheless, there has been a continuous debate concerning theoretical and practical issues of thesabove-mentioned techniques, in particular the use ...

Citation Context

...aches have beensapplied, such as the fi scal impact analysis (also known as cost–revenue analysis) (e.g. [27]), thescontingent valuation method (e.g. [8, 28, 29]) and the hedonic pricing method (e.g. =-=[30, 31]-=-).sNevertheless, there has been a continuous debate concerning theoretical and practical issues of thesabove-mentioned techniques, in particular the use of the hedonic pricing and the contingent valua...

Citation Context

...at should be collected from a reasonably stable marketsperiod. Additional issues may arise with respect to econometric model specifi cation and level ofsdisaggregation, market distortions, etc. (e.g. =-=[32, 33]-=-). Finally, it should be mentioned that thesmethod cannot be easily applied when potential changes on the environmental quality aresinvestigated, thus it is mainly used in ex-post analyses. Yet, a det...

Citation Context

...annual net benefi ts of energy savings, reduced atmospheric carbon dioxide, improved air quality, reduced stormwater runoff andsaesthetics were US$1–8 for a small tree up to US$48–53 for a large tree =-=[43]-=-. Finally, several contingent valuation studies indicate signifi cant use and non-use values associated with urban forests.sIn the city of Athens, in particular, a recent study indicated that househol...

Citation Context

...hens, in particular, a recent study indicated that households were willing to pay ansannual fee of 41.5 in order to establish a forestry organization for maintaining and enhancingscity’s green spaces =-=[44]-=-. 4 CONCLUSIONS Brownfi elds regeneration is an established trend in the modern world. Nevertheless, the redevelopment of brownfi elds is, fi rst of all, an economic puzzle, and the lack of the necess...