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... 2 * L is length; M is mass. 4.3. Unmineable Coal Area CO 2 Storage Resource Estimates Only coal areas containing water with TDS greater than 10,000 ppm merited evaluation for potential CO 2 storage (=-=EPA, 1991-=-). Where water quality data are scarce or unavailable, analogy to other geologic basins was used to estimate the minimum depth criteria. The maximum depth was arbitrarily selected for each basin to ac...

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...um, groundwater, underground natural gas storage, underground injection control (UIC) disposal, and CO 2 storage estimations (Bachu, 2008; Bachu et al., 2007; Calhoun Jr., 1982; Frailey et al., 2006; =-=Lake, 1989-=-). Subsurface storage volume estimates depend on geologic properties (area, thickness, and porosity of formations) and storage efficiency (the fraction of the accessible pore volume that will be occup...

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...e estimates for broad energy-related government policy and business decisions. Dependable CO 2 storage estimates are necessary to ensure successful deployment of CCS technologies (Bachu et al., 2007; =-=Bradshaw et al., 2007-=-). Several groups worldwide are conducting initiatives for assessing CO 2 geologic storage potential (Bachu et al., 2007; Bennion and Bachu, 2008; Birkholzer and Zhou, 2009; Birkholzer et al., 2009; B...

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...q 7 is the “odds” for a fraction or probability p; therefore, ln[p/(1–p)] is the “log odds.” The use of this distribution is referred to as the log odds method when applied with Monte Carlo sampling (=-=Devore, 2004-=-). The transformed variable, X, is then normally distributed and sampled with Monte Carlo techniques. Then, the X value is transformed back to the corresponding p value by eq 8, which is the inversion...

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...sotherms from similar rank coals in analog basins can be used, such as the isotherm data plotted in Figure 1 (Botnen et al., 2009; Bromhal et al., 2005; Busch et al., 2003; Chikatamarla et al., 2004; =-=Clarkson and Bustin, 1999-=-; Day et al., 2008a; Durucan and Q., 2009; Fitzgerald et al., 2005; Fitzgerald et al., 2006; Goodman et al., 2007; Harpalani and Mitra, 2010; Harpalani et al., 2006; Jessen et al., 2008; Ozdemir and S...

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... 2 isotherm is available, isotherms from similar rank coals in analog basins can be used, such as the isotherm data plotted in Figure 1 (Botnen et al., 2009; Bromhal et al., 2005; Busch et al., 2003; =-=Chikatamarla et al., 2004-=-; Clarkson and Bustin, 1999; Day et al., 2008a; Durucan and Q., 2009; Fitzgerald et al., 2005; Fitzgerald et al., 2006; Goodman et al., 2007; Harpalani and Mitra, 2010; Harpalani et al., 2006; Jessen ...

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...) (Gan et al., 1972). However, the helium density of coal, which is the most readily available data, is a good approximation as long as the micropore volume is accounted for in the fracture porosity (=-=Huang et al., 1995-=-). 2010 Carbon Sequestration Atlas of the United States and Canada144 Summary of the Methodology for Development of Geologic Storage Estimates for Carbon Dioxide The in situ fraction of CO 2 (C s ) t...

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...; Fitzgerald et al., 2005; Fitzgerald et al., 2006; Goodman et al., 2007; Harpalani and Mitra, 2010; Harpalani et al., 2006; Jessen et al., 2008; Ozdemir and Schroeder, 2009; Pini et al., 2010; 2008; =-=Reeves et al., 2005-=-; Romanov and Soong, 2008; Ross et al., 2009; Siemons and Busch, 2007). 5. CO 2 Storage Efficiency for Resource Estimates Carbon dioxide storage efficiency gauges the fraction of accessible pore volum...

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...ties of CO 2 storage by sorption in coal. Depending on the geothermal and geo-pressure gradients in a formation, gaseous CO 2 adsorption may only be possible down to depths of about 3,000 ft (900 m) (=-=Ryan and Littke, 2005-=-). At greater depths and depending on coal rank, supercritical CO 2 may enter the solid coal and change its properties, which swells the coal matrix and causes injectivity problems (Metz et al., 2005)...