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641
Near-optimal hashing algorithms for approximate nearest neighbor in high dimensions
, 2008
"... In this article, we give an overview of efficient algorithms for the approximate and exact nearest neighbor problem. The goal is to preprocess a dataset of objects (e.g., images) so that later, given a new query object, one can quickly return the dataset object that is most similar to the query. The ..."
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Cited by 457 (7 self)
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In this article, we give an overview of efficient algorithms for the approximate and exact nearest neighbor problem. The goal is to preprocess a dataset of objects (e.g., images) so that later, given a new query object, one can quickly return the dataset object that is most similar to the query. The problem is of significant interest in a wide variety of areas.
Finding motifs using random projections
, 2001
"... Pevzner and Sze [23] considered a precise version of the motif discovery problem and simultaneously issued an algorithmic challenge: find a motif Å of length 15, where each planted instance differs from Å in 4 positions. Whereas previous algorithms all failed to solve this (15,4)-motif problem, Pevz ..."
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Cited by 285 (6 self)
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Pevzner and Sze [23] considered a precise version of the motif discovery problem and simultaneously issued an algorithmic challenge: find a motif Å of length 15, where each planted instance differs from Å in 4 positions. Whereas previous algorithms all failed to solve this (15,4)-motif problem, Pevzner and Sze introduced algorithms that succeeded. However, their algorithms failed to solve the considerably more difficult (14,4)-, (16,5)-, and (18,6)motif problems. We introduce a novel motif discovery algorithm based on the use of random projections of the input’s substrings. Experiments on simulated data demonstrate that this algorithm performs better than existing algorithms and, in particular, typically solves the difficult (14,4)-, (16,5)-, and (18,6)-motif problems quite efficiently. A probabilistic estimate shows that the small values of � for which the algorithm fails to recover the planted Ð � �-motif are in all likelihood inherently impossible to solve. We also present experimental results on realistic biological data by identifying ribosome binding sites in prokaryotes as well as a number of known transcriptional regulatory motifs in eukaryotes. 1. CHALLENGING MOTIF PROBLEMS Pevzner and Sze [23] considered a very precise version of the motif discovery problem of computational biology, which had also been considered by Sagot [26]. Based on this formulation, they issued an algorithmic challenge: Planted Ð � �-Motif Problem: Suppose there is a fixed but unknown nucleotide sequence Å (the motif) of length Ð. The problem is to determine Å, givenØ nucleotide sequences each of length Ò, and each containing a planted variant of Å. More precisely, each such planted variant is a substring that is Å with exactly � point substitutions. One instantiation that they labeled “The Challenge Problem ” was parameterized as finding a planted (15,4)-motif in Ø � sequences each of length Ò � �. These values of Ò, Ø, andÐ are
Google news personalization: scalable online collaborative filtering
- in WWW, 2007
"... Several approaches to collaborative filtering have been studied but seldom have studies been reported for large (several million users and items) and dynamic (the underlying item set is continually changing) settings. In this paper we describe our approach to collaborative filtering for generating p ..."
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Cited by 278 (0 self)
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Several approaches to collaborative filtering have been studied but seldom have studies been reported for large (several million users and items) and dynamic (the underlying item set is continually changing) settings. In this paper we describe our approach to collaborative filtering for generating personalized recommendations for users of Google News. We generate recommendations using three approaches: collaborative filtering using MinHash clustering, Probabilistic Latent Semantic Indexing (PLSI), and covisitation counts. We combine recommendations from different algorithms using a linear model. Our approach is content agnostic and consequently domain independent, making it easily adaptable for other applications and languages with minimal effort. This paper will describe our algorithms and system setup in detail, and report results of running the recommendations engine on Google News.
Discovering similar multidimensional trajectories
- In ICDE
, 2002
"... We investigate techniques for analysis and retrieval of object trajectories in a two or three dimensional space. Such kind of data usually contain a great amount of noise, that makes all previously used metrics fail. Therefore, here we formalize non-metric similarity functions based on the Longest C ..."
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Cited by 260 (6 self)
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We investigate techniques for analysis and retrieval of object trajectories in a two or three dimensional space. Such kind of data usually contain a great amount of noise, that makes all previously used metrics fail. Therefore, here we formalize non-metric similarity functions based on the Longest Common Subsequence (LCSS), which are very robust to noise and furthermore provide an intuitive notion of similarity between trajectories by giving more weight to the similar portions of the sequences. Stretching of sequences in time is allowed, as well as global translating of the sequences in space. Efficient approximate algorithms that compute these similarity measures are also provided. We compare these new methods to the widely used Euclidean and Time Warping distance functions (for real and synthetic data) and show the superiority of our approach, especially under the strong presence of noise. We prove a weaker version of the triangle inequality and employ it in an indexing structure to answer nearest neighbor queries. Finally, we present experimental results that validate the accuracy and efficiency of our approach. 1
Fast pose estimation with parameter-sensitive hashing
- In ICCV
, 2003
"... Example-based methods are effective for parameter estimation problems when the underlying system is simple or the dimensionality of the input is low. For complex and high-dimensional problems such as pose estimation, the number of required examples and the computational complexity rapidly become pro ..."
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Cited by 250 (8 self)
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Example-based methods are effective for parameter estimation problems when the underlying system is simple or the dimensionality of the input is low. For complex and high-dimensional problems such as pose estimation, the number of required examples and the computational complexity rapidly become prohibitively high. We introduce a new algorithm that learns a set of hashing functions that efficiently index examples in a way relevant to a particular estimation task. Our algorithm extends locality-sensitive hashing, a recently developed method to find approximate neighbors in time sublinear in the number of examples. This method depends critically on the choice of hash functions; we show how to find the set of hash functions that are optimally relevant to a particular estimation problem. Experiments demonstrate that the resulting algorithm, which we call Parameter-Sensitive Hashing, can rapidly and accurately estimate the articulated pose of human figures from a large database of example images. 1.
Product quantization for nearest neighbor search
, 2010
"... This paper introduces a product quantization based approach for approximate nearest neighbor search. The idea is to decomposes the space into a Cartesian product of low dimensional subspaces and to quantize each subspace separately. A vector is represented by a short code composed of its subspace q ..."
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Cited by 222 (31 self)
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This paper introduces a product quantization based approach for approximate nearest neighbor search. The idea is to decomposes the space into a Cartesian product of low dimensional subspaces and to quantize each subspace separately. A vector is represented by a short code composed of its subspace quantization indices. The Euclidean distance between two vectors can be efficiently estimated from their codes. An asymmetric version increases precision, as it computes the approximate distance between a vector and a code. Experimental results show that our approach searches for nearest neighbors efficiently, in particular in combination with an inverted file system. Results for SIFT and GIST image descriptors show excellent search accuracy outperforming three state-of-the-art approaches. The scalability of our approach is validated on a dataset of two billion vectors.
Sparse Greedy Matrix Approximation for Machine Learning
, 2000
"... In kernel based methods such as Regularization Networks large datasets pose signi- cant problems since the number of basis functions required for an optimal solution equals the number of samples. We present a sparse greedy approximation technique to construct a compressed representation of the ..."
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Cited by 222 (10 self)
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In kernel based methods such as Regularization Networks large datasets pose signi- cant problems since the number of basis functions required for an optimal solution equals the number of samples. We present a sparse greedy approximation technique to construct a compressed representation of the design matrix. Experimental results are given and connections to Kernel-PCA, Sparse Kernel Feature Analysis, and Matching Pursuit are pointed out. 1. Introduction Many recent advances in machine learning such as Support Vector Machines [Vapnik, 1995], Regularization Networks [Girosi et al., 1995], or Gaussian Processes [Williams, 1998] are based on kernel methods. Given an m-sample f(x 1 ; y 1 ); : : : ; (x m ; y m )g of patterns x i 2 X and target values y i 2 Y these algorithms minimize the regularized risk functional min f2H R reg [f ] = 1 m m X i=1 c(x i ; y i ; f(x i )) + 2 kfk 2 H : (1) Here H denotes a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) [Aronszajn, 1950],...
Probabilistic discovery of time series motifs
, 2003
"... Several important time series data mining problems reduce to the core task of finding approximately repeated subsequences in a longer time series. In an earlier work, we formalized the idea of approximately repeated subsequences by introducing the notion of time series motifs. Two limitations of thi ..."
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Cited by 185 (26 self)
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Several important time series data mining problems reduce to the core task of finding approximately repeated subsequences in a longer time series. In an earlier work, we formalized the idea of approximately repeated subsequences by introducing the notion of time series motifs. Two limitations of this work were the poor scalability of the motif discovery algorithm, and the inability to discover motifs in the presence of noise. Here we address these limitations by introducing a novel algorithm inspired by recent advances in the problem of pattern discovery in biosequences. Our algorithm is probabilistic in nature, but as we show empirically and theoretically, it can find time series motifs with very high probability even in the presence of noise or “don’t care ” symbols. Not only is the algorithm fast, but it is an anytime algorithm, producing likely candidate motifs almost immediately, and gradually improving the quality of results over time.
ORB: an efficient alternative to SIFT or SURF
- In ICCV
"... Feature matching is at the base of many computer vision problems, such as object recognition or structure from motion. Current methods rely on costly descriptors for detection and matching. In this paper, we propose a very fast binary descriptor based on BRIEF, called ORB, which is rotation invarian ..."
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Cited by 171 (0 self)
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Feature matching is at the base of many computer vision problems, such as object recognition or structure from motion. Current methods rely on costly descriptors for detection and matching. In this paper, we propose a very fast binary descriptor based on BRIEF, called ORB, which is rotation invariant and resistant to noise. We demonstrate through experiments how ORB is at two orders of magnitude faster than SIFT, while performing as well in many situations. The efficiency is tested on several real-world applications, including object detection and patch-tracking on a smart phone. 1.
