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A vector-perturbation technique for near-capacity multiantenna multiuser communication — Part I: Channel inversion and regularization,” (2005)

by C Peel, B Hochwald, A Swindlehurst
Venue:IEEE Trans. Commun.,
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On the capacity of MIMO broadcast channel with partial side information

by Masoud Sharif, Babak Hassibi - IEEE TRANS. INFORM. THEORY , 2005
"... In multiple-antenna broadcast channels, unlike point-to-point multiple-antenna channels, the multiuser capacity depends heavily on whether the transmitter knows the channel coefficients to each user. For instance, in a Gaussian broadcast channel with transmit antennas and single-antenna users, the ..."
Abstract - Cited by 349 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
In multiple-antenna broadcast channels, unlike point-to-point multiple-antenna channels, the multiuser capacity depends heavily on whether the transmitter knows the channel coefficients to each user. For instance, in a Gaussian broadcast channel with transmit antennas and single-antenna users, the sum rate capacity scales like log log for large if perfect channel state information (CSI) is available at the transmitter, yet only logarithmically with if it is not. In systems with large, obtaining full CSI from all users may not be feasible. Since lack of CSI does not lead to multiuser gains, it is therefore of interest to investigate transmission schemes that employ only partial CSI. In this paper, we propose a scheme that constructs random beams and that transmits information to the users with the highest signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratios (SINRs), which can be made available to the transmitter with very little feedback. For fixed and increasing, the throughput of our scheme scales as log log, where is the number of receive antennas of each user. This is precisely the same scaling obtained with perfect CSI using dirty paper coding. We furthermore show that a linear increase in throughput with can be obtained provided that does not not grow faster than log. We also study the fairness of our scheduling in a heterogeneous network and show that, when is large enough, the system becomes interference dominated and the probability of transmitting to any user converges to 1, irrespective of its path loss. In fact, using = log transmit antennas emerges as a desirable operating point, both in terms of providing linear scaling of the throughput with as well as in guaranteeing fairness.

Scaling up MIMO: Opportunities and challenges with very large arrays

by Fredrik Rusek, Daniel Persson, Buon Kiong Lau, Erik G. Larsson, Thomas L. Marzetta, Ove Edfors, Fredrik Tufvesson , 2011
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Abstract - Cited by 220 (23 self) - Add to MetaCart
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...as M → ∞. We now move on to practical precoding methods. The conceptually simplest approach is to invert the channel by means of the pseudo-inverse. This is referred to as Zero-Forcing (ZF) precoding =-=[29]-=-. A variant of zero forcing is Block Diagonalization [30], which is not covered in this paper. Intuitively, when M grows, G tends to have nearly orthogonal columns as the terminals are not correlated ...

MIMO Broadcast Channels With Finite-Rate Feedback

by Nihar Jindal , 2006
"... Multiple transmit antennas in a downlink channel can provide tremendous capacity (i.e., multiplexing) gains, even when receivers have only single antennas. However, receiver and transmitter channel state information is generally required. In this correspondence, a system where each receiver has per ..."
Abstract - Cited by 189 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
Multiple transmit antennas in a downlink channel can provide tremendous capacity (i.e., multiplexing) gains, even when receivers have only single antennas. However, receiver and transmitter channel state information is generally required. In this correspondence, a system where each receiver has perfect channel knowledge, but the transmitter only receives quantized information regarding the channel instantiation is analyzed. The well-known zero-forcing transmission technique is considered, and simple expressions for the throughput degradation due to finite-rate feedback are derived. A key finding is that the feedback rate per mobile must be increased linearly with the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (in decibels) in order to achieve the full multiplexing gain. This is in sharp contrast to point-to-point multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, in which it is not necessary to increase the feedback rate as a function of the SNR.

MIMO broadcast channels with finite rate feedback

by Nihar Jindal - IEEE Trans. on Inform. Theory , 2006
"... Multiple transmit antennas in a downlink channel can provide tremendous capacity (i.e. multiplexing) gains, even when receivers have only single antennas. However, receiver and transmitter channel state information is generally required. In this paper, a system where each receiver has perfect channe ..."
Abstract - Cited by 155 (10 self) - Add to MetaCart
Multiple transmit antennas in a downlink channel can provide tremendous capacity (i.e. multiplexing) gains, even when receivers have only single antennas. However, receiver and transmitter channel state information is generally required. In this paper, a system where each receiver has perfect channel knowledge, but the transmitter only receives quantized information regarding the channel instantiation is analyzed. The well known zero forcing transmission technique is considered, and simple expressions for the throughput degradation due to finite rate feedback are derived. A key finding is that the feedback rate per mobile must be increased linearly with the SNR (in dB) in order to achieve the full multiplexing gain, which is in sharp contrast to point-to-point MIMO systems in which it is not necessary to increase the feedback rate as a function of the SNR. I.
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...its performance is optimal amongst the set of all linear precoders at asymptotically high SNR [19]. We later provide numerical results describing the performance of regularized zero-forcing precoding =-=[30]-=-, which outperforms pure zero-forcing at low SNR’s but is equivalent to ZF at asymptotically high SNR. Note that dirty paper coding cannot be directly applied in this scenario because of the imperfect...

Linear precoding via conic optimization for fixed mimo receivers

by Ami Wiesel, Yonina C. Eldar, Shlomo Shamai (shitz - IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing , 2006
"... We consider the problem of designing linear precoders for fixed multiple input multiple output (MIMO) receivers. Two different design criteria are considered. In the first, we minimize the transmitted power subject to signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) constraints. In the second, we maxi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 154 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
We consider the problem of designing linear precoders for fixed multiple input multiple output (MIMO) receivers. Two different design criteria are considered. In the first, we minimize the transmitted power subject to signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) constraints. In the second, we maximize the worst case SINR subject to a power constraint. We show that both problems can be solved using standard conic optimization packages. In addition, we develop conditions for the optimal precoder for both of these problems, and propose two simple fixed point iterations to find the solutions which satisfy these conditions. The relation to the well known downlink uplink duality in the context of joint downlink beamforming and power control is also explored. Our precoder design is general, and as a special case it solves the beamforming problem. In contrast to most of the existing precoders, it is not limited to full rank systems. Simulation results in a multiuser system show that the resulting precoders can significantly outperform existing linear precoders. 1

Pilot contamination and precoding in multi-cell TDD systems

by Jubin Jose, Student Member, Alexei Ashikhmin, Senior Member, Thomas L. Marzetta, Sriram Vishwanath, Senior Member - LU et al.: OVERVIEW OF MASSIVE MIMO: BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES 757 , 2011
"... Abstract—This paper considers a multi-cell multiple antenna system with precoding used at the base stations for downlink transmission. Channel state information (CSI) is essential for precoding at the base stations. An effective technique for ob-taining this CSI is time-division duplex (TDD) operati ..."
Abstract - Cited by 76 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract—This paper considers a multi-cell multiple antenna system with precoding used at the base stations for downlink transmission. Channel state information (CSI) is essential for precoding at the base stations. An effective technique for ob-taining this CSI is time-division duplex (TDD) operation where uplink training in conjunction with reciprocity simultaneously provides the base stations with downlink as well as uplink channel estimates. This paper mathematically characterizes the impact that uplink training has on the performance of such multi-cell multiple antenna systems. When non-orthogonal training sequences are used for uplink training, the paper shows that the precoding matrix used by the base station in one cell becomes corrupted by the channel between that base station and the users in other cells in an undesirable manner. This paper analyzes this fundamental problem of pilot contamination in multi-cell systems. Furthermore, it develops a new multi-cell MMSE-based precoding method that mitigates this problem. In addition to being linear, this precoding method has a simple closed-form expression that results from an intuitive optimization. Numerical results show significant performance gains compared to certain popular single-cell precoding methods. Index Terms—Time-division duplex systems, uplink training, pilot contamination, MMSE precoding. I.

Fast transfer of channel state information in wireless systems

by Thomas L. Marzetta, Bertrand M. Hochwald - IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing , 2006
"... Knowledge of accurate and timely channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter is becoming increasingly important in wireless communication systems. While it is often assumed that the receiver (whether basestation or mobile) needs to know the channel for accurate power control, scheduling and d ..."
Abstract - Cited by 62 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
Knowledge of accurate and timely channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter is becoming increasingly important in wireless communication systems. While it is often assumed that the receiver (whether basestation or mobile) needs to know the channel for accurate power control, scheduling and data-demodulation, it is now known that the transmitter (especially the basestation) can also benefit greatly from this information. For example, recent results in multi-antenna multi-user systems show that large throughput gains are possible when the basestation uses multiple antennas and a known channel to transmit distinct messages simultaneously and selectively to many single-antenna users. In time-division duplex systems, where the basestation and mobiles share the same frequency band for transmission, the basestation can exploit reciprocity to obtain the forward channel from pilots received over the reverse channel. Frequency-division duplex systems are more difficult because the basestation transmits and receives on different frequencies and therefore cannot use the received pilot to infer anything about the multi-antenna transmit channel. Nevertheless, we show that the time occupied in frequency-duplex CSI transfer is generally less than one might expect, and falls as the number of antennas increases. Thus, although the total amount of channel information increases with the number of antennas at the basestation,
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...nnel knowledge at the transmitter, the sum rate for the users is no greater than the rate for a single user irrespective of the number of transmit antennas. A practical approach to multiple messaging =-=[5]-=- yields a sum-throughput within 4 dB of the theoretical achievable rate for a ten-antenna basestation and ten single-antenna terminals, Thus, the linear throughput improvements that are enjoyed by poi...

On the capacity of fading MIMO broadcast channels with imperfect transmitter side-information

by Amos Lapidoth, Michèle A. Wigger - in Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing , 2005
"... A fading broadcast channel is considered where the transmitter employs two antennas and each of the two receivers employs a single receive antenna. It is demonstrated that even if the realization of the fading is precisely known to the receivers, the high signal-to-noise (SNR) throughput is greatly ..."
Abstract - Cited by 57 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
A fading broadcast channel is considered where the transmitter employs two antennas and each of the two receivers employs a single receive antenna. It is demonstrated that even if the realization of the fading is precisely known to the receivers, the high signal-to-noise (SNR) throughput is greatly reduced if, rather than knowing the fading realization precisely, the trasmitter only knows the fading realization approximately. The results are general and are not limited to memoryless Gaussian fading. 1
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...ues do preserve the multiplexing gain, and in particular techniques such as vector-perturbation precoding, as well as standard channel equalization (zero-forcing or MMSE channel inversion) procedures =-=[14]-=-, [7], [21], [2], and references therein. All the associated information-theoretic optimal techniques rely heavily on the precise availability of the channel propagation matrix, H at both transmitter ...

Lattice-reductionaided broadcast precoding

by Christoph Windpassinger, Robert F. H. Fischer, Johannes B. Huber - IEEE Trans. Commun , 2004
"... Abstract—A precoding scheme for multiuser broadcast communications is described, which fills the gap between the low-complexity Tomlinson–Harashima precoding and the sphere decoderbased system of Peel et al. Simulation results show that, replacing the closest-point search with the Babai approximatio ..."
Abstract - Cited by 55 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract—A precoding scheme for multiuser broadcast communications is described, which fills the gap between the low-complexity Tomlinson–Harashima precoding and the sphere decoderbased system of Peel et al. Simulation results show that, replacing the closest-point search with the Babai approximation, the full diversity order supported by the channel is available to each user, as in the system of Peel et al., and unlike Tomlinson–Harashima precoding, which suffers some diversity penalty. The complexity of the scheme is similar to that of Tomlinson–Harashima precoding. Index Terms—Lattice reduction, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) broadcast channels, MIMO precoding.
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... A precoding scheme for multiuser broadcast communications is described, which fills the gap between the lowcomplexity Tomlinson-Harashima precoding and the sphere decoder-based system of Peel et al. =-=[1]-=-. Simulation results show that, replacing the closest point search with the Babai approximation [2], the full diversity order supported by the channel is available to each user, as in the system of Pe...

Large system analysis of linear precoding in correlated MISO broadcast channels under limited feedback

by Sebastian Wagner, Romain Couillet, Mérouane Debbah, Dirk T. M. Slock - IEEE TRANS. INF. THEORY , 2012
"... ..."
Abstract - Cited by 52 (10 self) - Add to MetaCart
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