Abstract—The anticipation of a large penetration of plug-in hy-brid electric vehicles (PHEVs) into the market brings up many technical problems that need to be addressed. In the near future, a large number of PHEVs in our society will add a large-scale en-ergy load to our power grids, as well as add substantial energy resources that can be utilized. An emerging issue is that a large number of PHEVs simultaneously connected to the grid may pose a huge threat to the overall power system quality and stability. In this paper, the authors propose an algorithm for optimally man-aging a large number of PHEVs (e.g., 3000) charging at a mu-nicipal parking station. The authors used the estimation of distri-bution algorithm (EDA) to intelligently allocate electrical energy to the PHEVs connected to the grid. A mathematical framework for the objective function (i.e., maximizing the average state-of-charge at the next time step) is also given. The authors considered real-world constraints such as energy price, remaining battery ca-pacity, and remaining charging time. The authors also simulated the real-world parking deck scenarios according to the statistical analysis based on the transportation data. The authors character-ized the performance of EDA using a Matlab simulation, and com-pared it with other optimization techniques. Index Terms—Estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA), in-telligent energy management, performance evaluation, plug-in hy-brid electric vehicle (PHEV), smart grid. I.

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Abstract — Economics and environmental incentives, as well as advances in technology, are reshaping the traditional view of industrial systems. The anticipation of a large penetration of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) and Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) into the market brings up many technical problems that are highly related to industrial information technologies within the next 10 years. There is a need for an in-depth understanding of the electrification of transportation in the industrial environment. It is important to consolidate the practical and the conceptual knowledge of industrial informatics in order to support the emerging electric vehicle (EV) technologies. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the electrification of transportation in an industrial environment. In addition, it provides a comprehensive survey of the EVs in the field of industrial informatics systems, namely: 1) Charging

Abstract—The anticipation of a large penetration of