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Analyzing the effects of father's antisocial behavior on mothers and children: a longitudinal study of single-parent families

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Racial and ethnic inequities in health abound in many disease categories. African-American communities suffer from an increased burden of illness, with higher incidence and mortality rates and more severe morbidity in cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, several cancers, diabetes, and many other ailments. Healthy People 2010, the federal government’s health plan, calls for eliminating health disparities by race, ethnicity, gender, education, income, disability, geographic location, or sexual orientation. Research aimed at increasing our understanding of these health disparities and designing and evaluating interventions to improve African-American health is hampered by a liberal, classless approach. The authors argue for a theoretical framework in this research that recognizes that class exploitation sets the stage for and interacts with racial discrimination to determine racial inequities in health. African Americans are sicker and dying at a faster rate than white Americans from a number of diseases. As noted in Healthy People 2010 (1), the infant mortality rate for African Americans is more than double that of whites. Coronary heart disease death rates are more than 40 percent higher for African Americans than for whites. African Americans die at a 30 percent higher rate than do whites from cancers, as well. The death rate from HIV/AIDS for African Americans is more than seven times that for whites. These inequities, as well as similar disparities for other racial and ethnic minorities, are reprehensible and have been decried from the White House to physicians ’ offices across the country. In 2000, the U.S. Congress established the National Center for Minority Health and Health Disparities at the National Institutes of Health to help spearhead NIH efforts to study the causes of these health inequities. Congress also requested an Institute of Medicine study to assess

The social and behavioral sciences are at a crossroads in public health. In this paper, we attempt to describe a path toward the further integration of the natural and behavioral sciences with respect to the study of behavior and health. Three innovations are proposed. First, we extend and modify the ‘‘stream of causation’ ’ metaphor along two axes: time, and levels of nested systems of social and biological organization. Second, we address the question of whether ‘upstream’ features of social context are causes of disease, fundamental or otherwise. Finally, we propose the concept of a risk regulator to advance the study of behavior and health in populations. To illustrate the potential of these innovations, we develop a multilevel framework for the study of health behaviors and obesity in social and biological context.

The dominant perspectives on population-health research and policy have significant gaps that are limiting public health’s role in public policy. Most public-health initiatives focus on individual risk factors associated with physical health. From a health perspective, this emphasis neglects the importance of mental health; from a prevention perspective, it under-estimates the importance of social and environmental determinants. Furthermore, social-determinants research focuses narrowly on socio-economic factors, notably inequality, to the neglect of cultural factors. Culture and mental health are closely linked. This is seen clearly in young people’s health, an important predictor of future

doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00022 Evolution of substance use, neurological and psychiatric symptoms in schizophrenia and substance use disorder patients: a 12-week, pilot, case–control trial with quetiapine

Guilt according to the psychodynamic model occupies a pivotal spot in the understanding of depression. In fact, depressions with and depressions without guilt are often considered totally different entities according to some. It is extremely interesting to observe that the occurrence of guilt across different cultural groups varies and that this phenomenon is essentially re-' lated to the cultural traditions and social influences of that particular culture. Socio-cultural Correlates in Indian Culture According to the Hindu philosophy, the 'Law of Karma ' has been the pivot around which revolve the major traditions

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