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174
Named Graphs, Provenance and Trust
, 2004
"... The Semantic Web consists of many RDF graphs nameable by URIs. This paper extends the syntax and semantics of RDF to cover such Named Graphs. This enables RDF statements that describe graphs, which is beneficial in many Semantic Web application areas. As a case study, we explore the application area ..."
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Cited by 227 (3 self)
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The Semantic Web consists of many RDF graphs nameable by URIs. This paper extends the syntax and semantics of RDF to cover such Named Graphs. This enables RDF statements that describe graphs, which is beneficial in many Semantic Web application areas. As a case study, we explore the application area of Semantic Web publishing: Named Graphs allow publishers to communicate assertional intent, and to sign their graphs; information consumers can evaluate specific graphs using task-specific trust policies, and act on information from those Named Graphs that they accept. Graphs are trusted depending on: their content; information about the graph; and the task the user is performing. The extension of RDF to Named Graphs provides a formally defined framework to be a foundation for the Semantic Web trust layer.
Trust-aware Collaborative Filtering for Recommender Systems
- In Proc. of Federated Int. Conference On The Move to Meaningful Internet: CoopIS, DOA, ODBASE
, 2004
"... Recommender Systems allow people to find the resources they need by making use of the experiences and opinions of their nearest neighbours. ..."
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Cited by 138 (5 self)
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Recommender Systems allow people to find the resources they need by making use of the experiences and opinions of their nearest neighbours.
Spreading Activation Models for Trust Propagation
- In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Technology, e-Commerce, and e-Service
, 2004
"... Semantic Web endeavors have mainly focused on issues pertaining to knowledge representation and ontology design. However, besides understanding information metadata stated by subjects, knowing about their credibility becomes equally crucial. Hence, trust and trust metrics, conceived as computational ..."
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Cited by 111 (4 self)
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Semantic Web endeavors have mainly focused on issues pertaining to knowledge representation and ontology design. However, besides understanding information metadata stated by subjects, knowing about their credibility becomes equally crucial. Hence, trust and trust metrics, conceived as computational means to evaluate trust relationships between individuals, come into play. Our major contributions to Semantic Web trust management through this paper are twofold. First, we introduce our classification scheme for trust metrics along various axes and discuss advantages and drawbacks of existing approaches for Semantic Web scenarios. Hereby, we will devise our advocacy for local group trust metrics, guiding us to the second part which presents Appleseed, our novel proposal for local group trust computation. Compelling in its simplicity, Appleseed borrows many ideas from spreading activation models in psychology and relates their concepts to trust evaluation in an intuitive fashion.
Using Trust in Recommender Systems: An Experimental Analysis
- In Proceedings of iTrust2004 International Conference
, 2004
"... Recommender systems (RS) have been used for suggesting items (movies, books, songs, etc.) that users might like. RSs compute a user similarity between users and use it as a weight for the users' ratings. However they have many weaknesses, such as sparseness, cold start and vulnerability to ..."
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Cited by 97 (1 self)
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Recommender systems (RS) have been used for suggesting items (movies, books, songs, etc.) that users might like. RSs compute a user similarity between users and use it as a weight for the users' ratings. However they have many weaknesses, such as sparseness, cold start and vulnerability to attacks. We assert that these weaknesses can be alleviated using a Trust-aware system that takes into account the "web of trust" provided by every user.
Controversial users demand local trust metrics: An experimental study on epinions.com community
- In Manuela M. Veloso and Subbarao
, 2005
"... In today's connected world it is possible and very com-mon to interact with unknown people, whose reliabil-ity is unknown. Trust Metrics are a recently proposed technique for answering questions such as \Should I trust this user?". However, most of the current re-search assumes that every ..."
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Cited by 87 (1 self)
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In today's connected world it is possible and very com-mon to interact with unknown people, whose reliabil-ity is unknown. Trust Metrics are a recently proposed technique for answering questions such as \Should I trust this user?". However, most of the current re-search assumes that every user has a global quality score and that the goal of the technique is just to pre-dict this correct value. We show, on data from a real and large user community, Epinions.com, that such an assumption is not realistic because there is a signicant portion of what we call controversial users, users who are trusted and distrusted by many. A global agree-ment about the trustworthiness value of these users cannot exist. We argue, using computational experi-ments, that the existence of controversial users (a nor-mal phenomena in societies) demands Local Trust Met-rics, techniques able to predict the trustworthiness of an user in a personalized way, depending on the very personal view of the judging user.
Inferring binary trust relationships in web-based social networks
- ACM Transactions on Internet Technology
"... The growth of Web-based social networking and the properties of those networks have created great potential for producing intelligent software that integrates a user’s social network and preferences. Our research looks particularly at assigning trust in Web-based social networks and investigates how ..."
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Cited by 80 (0 self)
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The growth of Web-based social networking and the properties of those networks have created great potential for producing intelligent software that integrates a user’s social network and preferences. Our research looks particularly at assigning trust in Web-based social networks and investigates how trust information can be mined and integrated into applications. This article introduces a definition of trust suitable for use in Web-based social networks with a discussion of the properties that will influence its use in computation. We then present two algorithms for inferring trust relationships between individuals that are not directly connected in the network. Both algorithms are shown theoretically and through simulation to produce calculated trust values that are highly accurate.. We then present TrustMail, a prototype email client that uses variations on these algorithms to score email messages in the user’s inbox based on the user’s participation and ratings in a trust network.
How the semantic web is being used: An analysis of foaf documents
- In Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on System Sciences
, 2005
"... Abstract — Semantic Web researchers have initially focused on the representation, development and use of ontologies but paid less attention to the social and structural relationships involved. The past year has seen a dramatic increase in the amount of published RDF documents using the Friend of a F ..."
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Cited by 63 (4 self)
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Abstract — Semantic Web researchers have initially focused on the representation, development and use of ontologies but paid less attention to the social and structural relationships involved. The past year has seen a dramatic increase in the amount of published RDF documents using the Friend of a Friend (FOAF) vocabulary, providing a valuable resource for investigating how early Semantic Web adopters use this technology as well as build social networks. We describe an approach to identify, discover, and analyze FOAF documents. Over 1.5 million of FOAF documents are collected to show the variety and scalability of the web of FOAF documents. We analyzed the empirical usage of namespace and properties in the FOAF community, which helps the FOAF project in standardizing vocabularies. We also analyzed the social networks induced by those FOAF documents and revealed interesting patterns which can become powerful resource for outsourcing and justification of scientific knowledge. I.
Information Retrieval on the Semantic Web
, 2002
"... We describe an approach to retrieval of documents that contain of both free text and semantically enriched markup. In particular, we present the design and implementation prototype of a framework in which both documents and queries can be marked up with statements in the DAML+OIL semantic web langua ..."
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Cited by 60 (2 self)
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We describe an approach to retrieval of documents that contain of both free text and semantically enriched markup. In particular, we present the design and implementation prototype of a framework in which both documents and queries can be marked up with statements in the DAML+OIL semantic web language. These statements provide both structured and semi-structured information about the documents and their content. We claim that indexing text and semantic markup together will signi cantly improve retrieval performance. Our approach allows inferencing to be done over this information at several points: when a documentisindexed, when a query is processed and when query results are evaluated.
A Trust-enhanced Recommender System Application: Moleskiing
- In SAC ’05: Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Applied computing
, 2004
"... Recommender Systems (RS) suggests to users items they will like based on their past opinions. Collaborative Filtering (CF) is the most used technique to assess user similarity between users but very often the sparseness of user profiles prevents the computation. Moreover CF doesn't take into ac ..."
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Cited by 57 (4 self)
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Recommender Systems (RS) suggests to users items they will like based on their past opinions. Collaborative Filtering (CF) is the most used technique to assess user similarity between users but very often the sparseness of user profiles prevents the computation. Moreover CF doesn't take into account the reliability of the other users. In this paper we present a real world application, namely moleskiing.it, in which both of these conditions are critic to deliver personalized recommendations. A blog oriented architecture collects user experiences on ski mountaineering and their opinions on other users. Exploitation of Trust Metrics allows to present only relevant and reliable information according to the user's personal point of view of other authors trustworthiness. Di#erently from the notion of authority, we claim that trustworthiness is a user centered notion that requires the computation of personalized metrics. We also present an open information exchange architecture that makes use of Semantic Web formats to guarantee interoperability between ski mountaineering communities.
Analyzing Correlation between Trust and User Similarity in Online Communities
- Proceedings of Second International Conference on Trust Management
, 2004
"... Abstract. Past evidence has shown that generic approaches to recommender systems based upon collaborative filtering tend to poorly scale. Moreover, their fitness for scenarios supposing distributed data storage and decentralized control, like the Semantic Web, becomes largely limited for various rea ..."
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Cited by 42 (4 self)
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Abstract. Past evidence has shown that generic approaches to recommender systems based upon collaborative filtering tend to poorly scale. Moreover, their fitness for scenarios supposing distributed data storage and decentralized control, like the Semantic Web, becomes largely limited for various reasons. We believe that computational trust models bear several favorable properties for social filtering, opening new opportunities by either replacing or supplementing current techniques. However, in order to provide meaningful results for recommender system applications, we expect notions of trust to clearly reflect user similarity. In this work, we therefore provide empirical results obtained from one real, operational community and verify latter hypothesis for the domain of book recommendations. 1
