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Antimicrobial peptides: an overview of a promising class of therapeutics DOI: 10.2478/s11535-007-0010-5 Review article
, 2007
"... Abstract: Antibiotic resistance is increasing at a rate that far exceeds the pace of new development of drugs. Antimicrobial peptides, both synthetic and from natural sources, have raised interest as pathogens become resistant against conventional antibiotics. Indeed, one of the major strengths of t ..."
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Abstract: Antibiotic resistance is increasing at a rate that far exceeds the pace of new development of drugs. Antimicrobial peptides, both synthetic and from natural sources, have raised interest as pathogens become resistant against conventional antibiotics. Indeed, one of the major strengths of this class of molecules is their ability to kill multidrug-resistant bacteria. Antimicrobial peptides are relatively small (6 to 100 aminoacids), amphipathic molecules of variable length, sequence and structure with activity against a wide range of microorganisms including bacteria, protozoa, yeast, fungi, viruses and even tumor cells. They usually act through relatively non-specific mechanisms resulting in membranolytic activity but they can also stimulate the innate immune response. Several peptides have already entered pre-clinical and clinical trials for the treatment of catheter site infections, cystic fibrosis, acne, wound healing and patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. We review the advantages of these molecules in clinical applications, their disadvantages including their low in vivo stability, high costs of production and the strategies for their discovery and optimization.
Immunomodulatory activity of small host defense peptides
- Antimicrob. Agents Chemother
, 2005
"... These include: This article cites 40 articles, 24 of which can be accessed free at: ..."
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These include: This article cites 40 articles, 24 of which can be accessed free at:
Innate immune response of oral and foreskin keratinocytes: utilization of different signaling pathways by various bacterial species. Infect. Immun
, 2004
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Lipopolysaccharide down regulates both scavenger receptor B1 and ATP binding cassette transporter A1 in RAW cells
- Infect. Immun
, 2002
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Effects of acyl versus aminoacyl conjugation on the properties of antimicrobial peptides
- Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49:2412–2420. 1758 RADZISHEVSKY ET AL. ANTIMICROB. AGENTS CHEMOTHER
, 2005
"... All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. ..."
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Cited by 7 (5 self)
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All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
Innate immunity and new adjuvants
- Rev Sci Tech
, 2007
"... Summary Vaccination remains the most cost-effective biomedical approach to the control of infectious diseases in livestock. Vaccines based on killed pathogens or subunit antigens are safer but are often ineffective and require coadministration with adjuvants to achieve efficacy. Unfortunately, most ..."
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Summary Vaccination remains the most cost-effective biomedical approach to the control of infectious diseases in livestock. Vaccines based on killed pathogens or subunit antigens are safer but are often ineffective and require coadministration with adjuvants to achieve efficacy. Unfortunately, most conventional adjuvants are poorly defined, complex substances that fail to meet the stringent criteria for safety and efficacy desired in new generation vaccines. A new generation of adjuvants that work by activating innate immunity presents exciting opportunities to develop safer, more potent vaccines. In this review the authors highlight the role of innate immunity in protection against infectious disease and provide some examples of promising new adjuvants that activate innate immunity. They do not review the conventional adjuvants present in many vaccines since they have been reviewed extensively previously.
Review Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptides toward the Development of Novel Antibiotics
, 2013
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Serum Stabilities of Short Tryptophan- and Arginine-Rich Antimicrobial Peptide Analogs
"... Copyright It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content licence (like ..."
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Copyright It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content licence (like
1 MODE OF ACTION STUDIES ON SYNTHETIC ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES MASTER THESIS IN MEDICAL BIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
, 2013
"... Increasing prevalence of bacteria that carries resistance towards conventional antibiotics has prompted the investigation into new compounds for bacterial intervention to ensure efficient infection control in the future. One group of potential lead structures for antibiotics is antimicrobial peptide ..."
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Increasing prevalence of bacteria that carries resistance towards conventional antibiotics has prompted the investigation into new compounds for bacterial intervention to ensure efficient infection control in the future. One group of potential lead structures for antibiotics is antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) due to their characteristics as naturally derived compounds with antimicrobial activity. In that perspective, this thesis seeks to characterize the mechanism of action of small library of in silico optimized peptides. Following determination of peptide activity against E.coli, S.aureus and P.aeruginosa, toxicity was assessed revealing meaningful therapeutic indexes for the far majority of the peptides. Investigation of the peptides effect on bacteria uncovered rapid inhibition with signs of bacterial lysis together with increased bacterial size. Both visual and quantitative assays clearly demonstrated bacterial membrane disruption after 10 minutes, although signs of reestablished membrane integrity at lower concentrations were observed after two hours. The membrane disrupting effect was verified by measuring the release of calcein from bacterial mimicking liposomes. This uncovered the most active peptides as inducers of immediate release, indicating the kinetics of membrane permeabilization as an important determinant of bacterial activity. No secondary structure of peptides in the presence of different liposomes was observed, implying that this feature is not essential for bacterial and cytotoxic activity within this library of peptides. In conjunction, these findings provide strong indications of membrane disruption as the primary mechanism of bacterial inhibition for the tested peptides. RESUMÉ En stadig stigende forekomst af bakterier med resistens overfor konventionelle antibiotika har