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23
Rate-Distortion Optimized Streaming of Packetized Media
- IEEE Trans. Multimedia
, 2001
"... This paper addresses the problem of streaming packetized media ..."
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Cited by 337 (15 self)
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This paper addresses the problem of streaming packetized media
The MPEG-4 Fine-Grained Scalable Video Coding Method for Multimedia Streaming over IP
- IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
, 2001
"... Real-time streaming of audiovisual content over the Internet is emerging as an important technology area in multimedia communications. Due to the wide variation of available bandwidth over Internet sessions, there is a need for scalable video coding methods and (corresponding) flexible streaming app ..."
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Cited by 157 (13 self)
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Real-time streaming of audiovisual content over the Internet is emerging as an important technology area in multimedia communications. Due to the wide variation of available bandwidth over Internet sessions, there is a need for scalable video coding methods and (corresponding) flexible streaming approaches that are capable of adapting to changing network conditions in real time. In this paper, we describe a new scalable video-coding framework that has been adopted recently by the MPEG-4 video standard. This new MPEG-4 video approach, which is known as Fine-Granular-Scalability (FGS), consists of a rich set of video coding tools that support quality (i.e., SNR), temporal, and hybrid temporal-SNR scalabilities. Moreover, one of the desired features of the MPEG-4 FGS method is its simplicity and flexibility in supporting unicast and multicast streaming applications over IP.
Layered coding vs. multiple descriptions for video streaming over multiple paths
- In Proc. of ACM Multimedia
, 2003
"... In this paper, we examine the performance of specific implementations of multiple description coding and of layered coding for video streaming over error-prone packet switched networks. We compare their performance using different transmission schemes with and without network path diversity. It is s ..."
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Cited by 54 (0 self)
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In this paper, we examine the performance of specific implementations of multiple description coding and of layered coding for video streaming over error-prone packet switched networks. We compare their performance using different transmission schemes with and without network path diversity. It is shown that given the specific implementations there is a large variation in relative performance between multiple description coding and layered coding depending on the employed transmission scheme. For scenarios where the packet transmission schedules can be optimized in a ratedistortion sense, layered coding provides a better performance. The converse is true for scenarios where the packet schedules are not rate-distortion optimized.
Optimal Scheduling for Streaming of Scalable Media
, 2000
"... Scalable, or layered, media representation appears to be more suitable for transmission over the current heterogeneous networks. In this paper we study the problem of scalable layered streaming media delivery over a lossy channel. The goal is to find an optimal transmission policy to achieve the bes ..."
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Cited by 45 (4 self)
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Scalable, or layered, media representation appears to be more suitable for transmission over the current heterogeneous networks. In this paper we study the problem of scalable layered streaming media delivery over a lossy channel. The goal is to find an optimal transmission policy to achieve the best playback quality at the client end. The problem involves some trade-offs such as time-constrained delivery and data dependencies. For example, a layer should be dropped before transmission if it already has a delay such that it cannot be played before its scheduled time. Moreover, less important layers with near-playback-time may also be dropped or delayed for delivery in order to save bandwidth for other layers with a high priority. We propose a framework for scalable streaming media delivery, that involves a novel scheduling algorithm called Expected runtime Distortion Based Scheduling, EDBS, which decides the order in which packets should be transmitted in order to improve client playback quality in the presence of channel losses. A fast greedy search algorithm is presented that achieves almost the same performance as an exhaustive search technique (98% of the time it results in the same schedule) with very low complexity and is applicable for real-time application.
Measurement Study of Low-bitrate Internet Video Streaming
- In Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM Internet Measurement Workshop
, 2001
"... In this paper, we analyze the results of a seven-month real-time streaming experiment, which was conducted between a number of unicast dialup clients, connecting to the Internet through access points in more than 600 major U.S. cities, and a backbone video server. During the experiment, the clients ..."
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Cited by 39 (2 self)
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In this paper, we analyze the results of a seven-month real-time streaming experiment, which was conducted between a number of unicast dialup clients, connecting to the Internet through access points in more than 600 major U.S. cities, and a backbone video server. During the experiment, the clients streamed lowbitrate MPEG-4 video sequences from the server over paths with more than 5,000 distinct Internet routers. We describe the methodology of the experiment, the architecture of our NACK-based streaming application, study end-to-end dynamics of 16 thousand ten-minute sessions (85 million packets), and analyze the behavior of the following network parameters: packet loss, round-trip delay, one-way delay jitter, packet reordering, and path asymmetry. We also study the impact of these parameters on the quality of real-time streaming.
Rate-distortion optimized distributed packet scheduling of multiple video streams over shared communication resources
- IEEE Trans. on Multimedia
, 2006
"... Part of this work has been accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Multimedia. ..."
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Cited by 32 (1 self)
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Part of this work has been accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.
Expected Run-time Distortion Based Scheduling for Delivery of Sealable Media
- in Proc. of International Conference of Packet Video
, 2002
"... Scalable, or layered, media representation is considered to be more suitable for transmission over heterogeneous networks. In this paper we study the problem of scalable layered streaming media delivery over a channel with packet loss or delay. The goal is to find a proper on-line packet scheduling ..."
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Cited by 24 (4 self)
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Scalable, or layered, media representation is considered to be more suitable for transmission over heterogeneous networks. In this paper we study the problem of scalable layered streaming media delivery over a channel with packet loss or delay. The goal is to find a proper on-line packet scheduling policy for the server to transmit the packets such that the playback quality at the client is maximized. The problem requires taking into account the impact of the delay constrained delivery, data dependencies and channel conditions. We propose a framework for scalable streaming media delivery with a novel packet scheduling algorithm, referred as Expected Run-time Distortion Based Scheduling (ERDBS), which decides which packets should be sent (or retransmitted) at any given time. Our proposed algorithm summarizes the effect of the above con- straints into a single metric, so that the packet scheduling decision can be made with very low computational complexity. Our approach improves playback quality about 2 dB as compared to a simple fixed scheduling approach. The proposed framework and the scheduling algorithm can be applied to both pre-recorded and real-time encoded streaming media applications.
Efficient bandwidth resource allocation for low-delay multiuser video streaming
- IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
, 2005
"... Abstract—This paper studies efficient bandwidth resource allocation for streaming multiple MPEG-4 fine granularity scalability (FGS) video programs to multiple users. We begin with a simple single-user scenario and propose a rate-control algorithm that has low delay and achieves an excellent tradeof ..."
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Cited by 15 (4 self)
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Abstract—This paper studies efficient bandwidth resource allocation for streaming multiple MPEG-4 fine granularity scalability (FGS) video programs to multiple users. We begin with a simple single-user scenario and propose a rate-control algorithm that has low delay and achieves an excellent tradeoff between the average visual distortion and the quality fluctuation. The proposed algorithm employs two weight factors for adjusting the tradeoff, and the optimal choice of these factors is derived. We then extend to the multiuser case and propose a dynamic resource allocation algorithm with low delay and low computational complexity. By exploring the variations in the scene complexity of video programs as well as dynamically and jointly distributing the available system resources among users, our proposed algorithm provides low fluctuation of quality for each user, and can support consistent or differentiated quality among all users to meet applications’ needs. Experimental results show that compared to traditional look-ahead sliding-window approaches, our algorithm can achieve comparable visual quality and channel utilization at a much lower cost of delay, computation, and storage. Index Terms—Dynamic resource allocation, fine granularity scalability (FGS) coding, multiuser video communications, rate control, visual quality fluctuation. I.
New trends in image and video compression
- Proceedings of the 10th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO
, 2000
"... Image and video compression have been the object of intensive research in the last thirty years. The field is now mature as is proven by the large number of applications that make use of this technology. Digital Video Broadcasting, Digital Versatile Disc, and Internet streaming are only a few of the ..."
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Cited by 13 (7 self)
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Image and video compression have been the object of intensive research in the last thirty years. The field is now mature as is proven by the large number of applications that make use of this technology. Digital Video Broadcasting, Digital Versatile Disc, and Internet streaming are only a few of the applications that use compression technology. Image and video standards have played a key role in this deployment. Now is time to ask: are there any new ideas that may advance the current technology? Have we reached a saturation point in image and video compression research? Although the future is very difficult to predict, this paper will try to provide a brief overview to where this exciting area is heading. 1.
Implementation of Adaptive Streaming of Stored MPEG-4 FGS Video over TCP
, 2002
"... This paper presents an implementation of an end-to-end application for streaming stored MPEG-4 Fine-Grained Scalable (FGS) videos over the best-effort Internet. Our current implementation runs over TCP but can also be run over TCPfriendly RTP/UDP with an error recovery mechanism. Our scheme adapts t ..."
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Cited by 10 (3 self)
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This paper presents an implementation of an end-to-end application for streaming stored MPEG-4 Fine-Grained Scalable (FGS) videos over the best-effort Internet. Our current implementation runs over TCP but can also be run over TCPfriendly RTP/UDP with an error recovery mechanism. Our scheme adapts the coding rate of the streaming video to the variations of the available bandwidth for the connection, while smoothing changes in image quality between consecutive video scenes. We justify our design choices and present the results of the simulations obtained from our testbed. Our combined use of FGS-encoded video with a simple network-adaptation heuristic gives a system of low complexity, which is suitable for high performing video servers.
