Results 1 - 10 of 125,059

A View Of The Em Algorithm That Justifies Incremental, Sparse, And Other Variants

by Radford Neal, Geoffrey E. Hinton - Learning in Graphical Models , 1998
"... . The EM algorithm performs maximum likelihood estimation for data in which some variables are unobserved. We present a function that resembles negative free energy and show that the M step maximizes this function with respect to the model parameters and the E step maximizes it with respect to the d ..."
Abstract - Cited by 993 (18 self) - Add to MetaCart
estimation problem. A variant of the algorithm that exploits sparse conditional distributions is also described, and a wide range of other variant algorithms are also seen to be possible. 1. Introduction The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm finds maximum likelihood parameter estimates in problems

From SHIQ and RDF to OWL: The Making of a Web Ontology Language

by Ian Horrocks, Peter F. Patel-Schneider, Frank Van Harmelen - Journal of Web Semantics , 2003
"... The OWL Web Ontology Language is a new formal language for representing ontologies in the Semantic Web. OWL has features from several families of representation languages, including primarily Description Logics and frames. OWL also shares many characteristics with RDF, the W3C base of the Semantic W ..."
Abstract - Cited by 615 (39 self) - Add to MetaCart
Web. In this paper we discuss how the philosophy and features of OWL can be traced back to these older formalisms, with modifications driven by several other constraints on OWL. Several interesting problems...

A unified theory of underreaction, momentum trading and overreaction in asset markets

by Harrison Hong, Jeremy C. Stein , 1999
"... We model a market populated by two groups of boundedly rational agents: “newswatchers” and “momentum traders.” Each newswatcher observes some private information, but fails to extract other newswatchers’ information from prices. If information diffuses gradually across the population, prices underre ..."
Abstract - Cited by 606 (33 self) - Add to MetaCart
of under- and overreactions, the model generates several other distinctive implications.

PVS: A Prototype Verification System

by S. Owre, J. M. Rushby, N. Shankar - CADE , 1992
"... PVS is a prototype system for writing specifications and constructing proofs. Its development has been shaped by our experiences studying or using several other systems and performing a number of rather substantial formal verifications (e.g., [5,6,8]). PVS is fully implemented and freely available. ..."
Abstract - Cited by 655 (16 self) - Add to MetaCart
PVS is a prototype system for writing specifications and constructing proofs. Its development has been shaped by our experiences studying or using several other systems and performing a number of rather substantial formal verifications (e.g., [5,6,8]). PVS is fully implemented and freely available

A solution to Plato’s problem: The latent semantic analysis theory of acquisition, induction, and representation of knowledge

by Thomas K Landauer, Susan T. Dutnais - PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW , 1997
"... How do people know as much as they do with as little information as they get? The problem takes many forms; learning vocabulary from text is an especially dramatic and convenient case for research. A new general theory of acquired similarity and knowledge representation, latent semantic analysis (LS ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1816 (10 self) - Add to MetaCart
(LSA), is presented and used to successfully simulate such learning and several other psycholinguistic phenomena. By inducing global knowledge indirectly from local co-occurrence data in a large body of representative text, LSA acquired knowledge about the full vocabulary of English at a comparable

Finding community structure in networks using the eigenvectors of matrices

by M. E. J. Newman , 2006
"... We consider the problem of detecting communities or modules in networks, groups of vertices with a higher-than-average density of edges connecting them. Previous work indicates that a robust approach to this problem is the maximization of the benefit function known as “modularity ” over possible div ..."
Abstract - Cited by 502 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
number of possible algorithms for detecting community structure, as well as several other results, including a spectral measure of bipartite structure in networks and a new centrality measure that identifies those vertices that occupy central positions within the communities to which they belong

LSQR: An Algorithm for Sparse Linear Equations and Sparse Least Squares

by Christopher C. Paige, Michael A. Saunders - ACM Trans. Math. Software , 1982
"... An iterative method is given for solving Ax ~ffi b and minU Ax- b 112, where the matrix A is large and sparse. The method is based on the bidiagonalization procedure of Golub and Kahan. It is analytically equivalent to the standard method of conjugate gradients, but possesses more favorable numerica ..."
Abstract - Cited by 653 (21 self) - Add to MetaCart
numerical properties. Reliable stopping criteria are derived, along with estimates of standard errors for x and the condition number of A. These are used in the FORTRAN implementation of the method, subroutine LSQR. Numerical tests are described comparing I~QR with several other conjugate

Coordination of Groups of Mobile Autonomous Agents Using Nearest Neighbor Rules

by A. Jadbabaie, J. Lin, A. S. Morse , 2002
"... In a recent Physical Review Letters paper, Vicsek et. al. propose a simple but compelling discrete-time model of n autonomous agents fi.e., points or particlesg all moving in the plane with the same speed but with dierent headings. Each agent's heading is updated using a local rule based on ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1290 (62 self) - Add to MetaCart
coordination and despite the fact that each agent's set of nearest neighbors change with time as the system evolves. This paper provides a theoretical explanation for this observed behavior. In addition, convergence results are derived for several other similarly inspired models.

Neural Network-Based Face Detection

by Henry A. Rowley, Shumeet Baluja, Takeo Kanade - IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE , 1998
"... We present a neural network-based upright frontal face detection system. A retinally connected neural network examines small windows of an image and decides whether each window contains a face. The system arbitrates between multiple networks to improve performance over a single network. We present ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1206 (22 self) - Add to MetaCart
, which must be chosen to span the entire space of nonface images. Simple heuristics, such as using the fact that faces rarely overlap in images, can further improve the accuracy. Comparisons with several other state-of-the-art face detection systems are presented, showing that our system has comparable

Myrinet: A Gigabit-per-Second Local Area Network

by Nanette J. Boden, Danny Cohen, Robert E. Felderman, Alan E. Kulawik, Charles L. Seitz, Jakov N. Seizovic, Wen-king Su - IEEE Micro , 1995
"... Abstract. Myrinet is a new type of local-area network (LAN) based on the technology used for packet communication and switching within "massivelyparallel processors " (MPPs). Think of Myrinet as an MPP message-passing network that can span campus dimensions, rather than as a wide-a ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1011 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
on the messagepassing network due to the larger number of nodes and a greater interdependence between the computing processes on different nodes. The message-passing-network technology developed for the Mosaic [6] achieved its goals so well that it was used in several other MPP systems, including the
Results 1 - 10 of 125,059