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Monopolistic competition and optimum product diversity. The American Economic Review,

by Avinash K Dixit , Joseph E Stiglitz , Harold Hotelling , Nicholas Stern , Kelvin Lancaster , Stiglitz , 1977
"... The basic issue concerning production in welfare economics is whether a market solution will yield the socially optimum kinds and quantities of commodities. It is well known that problems can arise for three broad reasons: distributive justice; external effects; and scale economies. This paper is c ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1911 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
is concerned with the last of these. The basic principle is easily stated.' A commodity should be produced if the costs can be covered by the sum of revenues and a properly defined measure of consumer's surplus. The optimum amount is then found by equating the demand price and the marginal cost

Are Loan Guarantees Effective? The Case of Mexican Government Banks.” Mexico: Banco de México. http://ssrn.com/abstract=637385

by Guillermo Benavides, Banco De México, Alberto Huidobro, Banco De México - and Poland.” Department for International Development , 2005
"... exican Government’s Banks offer loan guarantees to private banks in order to spur credit directed to non-financial small and medium sized firms and this policy is examined here. Application of representative data to the comparative static analysis of the guarantee-use decision suggests that these sc ..."
Abstract - Cited by 2 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
that these schemes, as currently designed, are justifiable from an economic viewpoint. However, there is some evidence of inefficiency and ineffectiveness about the way these guarantee programs operate. Marginal take-up is plausibly explained only by the benefits perceived by private bankers.

of LaborEstimating Heterogeneous Take-up and Crowd-Out Responses to Marginal and Non-Marginal Medicaid Expansions

by John C. Ham, I. Serkan Ozbeklik, John C. Ham, I. Serkan Ozbeklik , 2011
"... Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international resear ..."
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Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international

Estimating Heterogeneous Treatment Effects of Medicaid Expansions on Take-up and Crowd-out* Estimating Heterogeneous Treatment Effects of Medicaid Expansions on Take-up and Crowd-out

by John C Ham
"... Abstract Economists have devoted considerable resources to estimating local average treatment effects of expansions in Medicaid eligibility for children. In this paper we use random coefficients linear probability models and switching probit models to estimate a more complete range of effects of Me ..."
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of Medicaid expansion on Medicaid take-up and crowd-out of private insurance. We demonstrate how to estimate, for Medicaid expansions, the average effect among all of those eligible, the average effect for a randomly chosen person, the effect for a marginally eligible child, and the average effect for those

The stages of economic growth.

by W W Rostow - Economic History Review , 2nd series 12, , 1959
"... JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about J ..."
Abstract - Cited by 297 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. economic history. The form of this generalization is a set of stages of growth, which can be designated as follows: the traditional society; the preconditions for take-off; the take-off; the drive to maturity; the age of high mass consumption. Beyond the age

Viewpoint Marginal lands, marginal geographies

by Tony Binns, Information For, Tony Binns
"... Putting together a ‘Viewpoint ’ for Progress in Human Geography provides an opportunity to stand back from everyday pressures and reflect on an issue of concern. In the last five years, I have found myself pondering life more than usual, not least because in 2004 I decided to move over 19 000 km fro ..."
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from the UK to New Zealand’s South Island to take up a position at the University of Otago in Dunedin. Otago is the world’s most southerly university apart from the Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia in Ushuaia, Argentina. Despite the consider-able distance from the UK, I was struck by the fact

Margins and Errors

by Brian Weatherson - Inquiry , 2013
"... Recently, Timothy Williamson has argued that considerations about margins of errors can generate a new class of cases where agents have justified true beliefs without knowledge. I think this is a great argument, and it has a number of interesting philosophical conclusions. In this note I'm goi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 2 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
, the familiarity of quantities makes up for the loss of symmetry properties involved in angular measurement. To make things explicit, I'll imagine the agent S is using a digital scale. The scale has a margin of error m. That means that if the reading, i.e., the apparent mass is a, then the agent is justified

Large margin transformation learning

by Andrew G. Howard , 2009
"... With the current explosion of data coming from many scientific fields and industry, machine learning algorithms are more important than ever to help make sense of this data in an automated manner. Support vector machine (SVMs) have been a very successful learning algorithm for many applied settings. ..."
Abstract - Cited by 3 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
. However, the support vector machine only finds linear classifiers so data often needs to be preprocessed with appropriately chosen nonlinear mappings in order to find a model with good predictive properties. These mappings can either take the form of an explicit transformation or be defined implicitly

Margin Regulation and Volatility∗

by Johannes Brumm, Felix Kubler, Michael Grill, Deutsche Bundesbank, Karl Schmedders , 2013
"... In this paper we examine the quantitative effects of margin regulation on volatility in as-set markets. We consider a general equilibrium infinite-horizon economy with heterogeneous agents and collateral constraints. There are two assets in the economy which can be used as collateral for short-term ..."
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of collateralizable assets to take up leverage. In contrast, we show that a countercyclical margin regulation of all asset classes in the economy has a very strong dampening effect on asset return volatility.

Whom You Know Matters: Venture Capital Networks and Investment Performance,

by Yael Hochberg , Alexander Ljungqvist , Yang Lu , Steve Drucker , Jan Eberly , Eric Green , Yaniv Grinstein , Josh Lerner , Laura Lindsey , Max Maksimovic , Roni Michaely , Maureen O'hara , Ludo Phalippou Mitch Petersen , Jesper Sorensen , Per Strömberg Morten Sorensen , Yael Hochberg , Johnson - Journal of Finance , 2007
"... Abstract Many financial markets are characterized by strong relationships and networks, rather than arm's-length, spot-market transactions. We examine the performance consequences of this organizational choice in the context of relationships established when VCs syndicate portfolio company inv ..."
Abstract - Cited by 138 (8 self) - Add to MetaCart
-to-exit in our sample is 24 quarters. 28 Econometrically, this is similar in spirit to Hellmann and Puri (2000) who investigate whether VC backing reduces the time it takes a start-up company to bring its product to market. 25 We relate the log time-to-exit to our network measures controlling for fund and firm
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