such problems are backtrack search and consistency inference. Conventional wisdom in the constraint satisfaction community suggests: 1) using consistency inference as preprocessing before search to prune values from consideration reduces subsequent search effort and 2) using consistency inference during

counterparts with respect to certain broad measures of labor market and school success, but then catch up to a significant degree in the early years after high school. These results do not support the conventional wisdom that predicts irreversible and increasing despair among inner city adolescents

Abstract not found

Sher and Sher (1994) criticised the lack ofan Australian rural development policy and, in turn, devised a policy tofill this apparent void. The proffered policy is defective because the analysis on which it is based is generally unsubstantiated, the supporting arguments are frequently invalid, the richness ofAustralian society is generally ignored, and the economic arguments are flawed. The policy prescriptions derived are often as relevant for urban as for rural Australia. By emphasising the indispensability of a uniquely rural policy in Australia, the authors-ironically-may be supporting a prescription that is to the long-run detriment of rural Australians. Background Sher and Sher (1994) were asked "to prepare a paper that would focus on strategies for advancing [Australian] 'rural development ' through education and entrepreneur-ship " within a "draconian two-month deadline " (p. 2). They assumed that someone would have published "useful overviews of the people, places, and economy of rural Australia, " and, accordingly, they would only have to "go to the right bookshelf [and] check out a few such sweeping

Conspiracy theories should be neither believed nor investigated- that is the conventional wisdom. I argue that it is sometimes permissible both to investigate and to believe. Hence this is a dispute in the ethics of belief. I defend epistemic ‘oughts’ which apply in the first instance to belief

This essay will argue that conventional wisdom on technology transfer requires further specification and updating if developing country firms are to obtain maximum benefit from access to external sources of technical knowledge. The analysis presented here suggests that the processes by which

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ver the course of American history, the willingness of the state to “put up with ” political dissidents has waxed and waned. During some eras, quite robust political debate has been tolerated, but during other pe-riods, political orthodoxy has prevailed. The range of beliefs safe to express in the United States has varied considerably over time (see, for example, Stone 2004). Fifty years ago, Americans witnessed a major outbreak of political intolerance and repression. During this infamous period named after its leader, the Republican Sena-tor from Wisconsin, only the most centrist political differences were tolerated. To many, McCarthyism stands as one of the most shameful episodes of intolerance in modern American history.

studies have confirmed, that affectively valenced materials are usually better remembered than otherwise comparable neutral materials. This enhancement in memory is not stimulus bound, insofar as studies report similar effects for words, pictures, sentences, and narrated videos (reviews can be found in Buchanan & Adolphs, 2002; Hamann, 2001). There are many possible reasons for the memorial enhancement, including the engagement of biological sys-tems such as the amygdala (e.g., LeDoux, 1996; Metcalfe & Jacobs, 1998), general and/or idiosyncratic associations with valenced materials (e.g., Kensinger & Corkin, 2003), or simple distinctiveness of the items in comparison with their neutral counterparts (e.g., Dewhurst & Parry, 2000). Still other theories argue for other mechanisms, such as differential rehearsal and/or valenced material capturing more attention (Cahill & McGaugh, 1995). None of these explanations are necessarily mutually exclusive. If one be-lieves that estimates from the remember–know procedure can index recollection and familiarity, valenced items are often imbued with more recollective details, and this is true of both pictures (Ochsner, 2000) and words (Dewhurst & Parry, 2000; Kensinger & Corkin, 2003). Moreover, Ken-singer and Corkin, as well as Ochsner, found that negative words elicited both increased recollection and familiarity. The purpose of the present article was to investigate source memory for valenced words. Many researchers as-sociate source-monitoring processes with recollective pro-cesses, as in remembering versus knowing (e.g., Gutten-

Conventional wisdom has it that there is a class of attitude ascriptions such that in making an ascription of that sort, the ascriber undertakes a commitment to specify the contents of the ascribee’s head in what might be called a notionally sensitive, ascribee-centered way. In making