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Economic Perspectives call attention to a problem which has plagued economics from the very beginning: Does human sociality play a role in economic behavior or is it strictly human individuality which is the proper domain of economic science? Indeed, Wealth of Nations embraces human individuality while Theory of Moral Sentiments opts for human sociality. The placement of these articles back to back strongly suggests that the board of editors of the Journal of Economic Perspectives share some concern that perhaps all is not right in mainstream economics. Fehr and Gächter frame the issue in terms of the adequacy of a pure self-interest model. We believe that for important questions in these areas [such as labor market interactions, public goods, and social norms] progress will not come from additional tweaking of a pure self-interest model, but rather from recognizing that a sizable proportion of economic actors act on considerations of reciprocity [Fehr and Gächter, p. 178]. Ostrom phrases the question in terms of the cogency of the self-interested agent. It is possible that past policy initiatives to encourage collective action that were based primarily on externally changing payoff structures for rational egoists may have been

ii Acknowledgments Too many people contributed to the material of the book to list all their names. First of all, my gratitude goes to Springer’s editors who were instrumental in bringing forth the very idea of writing such a book and in channeling my efforts by providing good critical reviews. Then, of course, I thank the students at my classes in MS programs in Computer Sci-ence at Birkbeck and, more recently, in BS and MS programs in Applied Mathematics and In-formatics at HSE. Here is a list of people who directly contributed to this book with advice, and sometimes with computation: I. Muchnik (Rutgers University), M. Levin (Higher School of

In this paper we examine an extension of the core concept for the 0/1 Multidimensional Knapsack Problem (MKP) towards general 0/1 Integer Programming (IP) by allowing negative profits, weights and capacities. The core concept provides opportunities for heuristically solving the MKP, achieving

birthday. Omedetō gozaimasu! Arhangel’skiĭ [3] has introduced a weakening of σ-compactness: having a countable core, for locally compact spaces, and asked when it is equivalent to σ-compactness. We settle several problems related to that paper. The concept of countable core in [3] is a little hard

conservation planning

Alignment is the straight placement of skeletal structures over each other along the body’s vertical plumb line o head, rib cage, and pelvis are vertically stacked over the legs and feet o weight is transferred through the center of each joint o line of gravity, or vertical line that bisects the body, passes through the center of the torso, and the body parts on either side of the line of gravity are symmetrical (square) o proper alignment maximizes muscle efficiency and prevents injury o alignment markers � when viewed from the side, the body’s vertical plumb line should pass through the center of the ear lobe, shoulder (acromion), rib cage, hip (greater trochanter), knee, and outer ankle bone (lateral malleolus) o correct alignment through neuromuscular re-patterning from somatic therapies � body alignment re-patterning begins in the nervous system: need to re-train the nervous system’s cerebral images of movement and messages to muscles to change movement patterns � find mental image of correct alignment

Acknowledgement: we appreciate contribution and helpful discussion

Abstract: The Wiki is often overlooked as an educational/research tool due to the indifference or uncertainty of potential users. Google docs offers an uncomplicated introduction to the world of Wiki’s. Designed to facilitate collaborations, it allows students, educators and researchers to take immediate advantage of the benefits offered by Wiki technology-without the hassle. Join in a discussion on the benefits and pitfalls with using these types of tools and the varied ways in which they can be utilisedin teaching and learning as well as research collaborations