"... In PAGE 4: ...Table2 . Some of the papers, such as [BLG00], [MS94] and [RS01], overlap a number of categories and are shown in overlapping gray boxes.... In PAGE 4: ... This is not surprising, as document selection and viewing time, both measures included in Examine Object , are relatively easy to obtain and are available for every object with which a user interacts. Other areas of Table2 contain little or no work, suggesting possible categories of observable behavior to explore. One likely reason for the dearth of literature across the Minimum Scope categories of Segment and Class is that for many systems, the unit with which the user interacts is the object.... In PAGE 4: ... We classify the papers according to the stage they primarily address, but encourage the reader to explore papers from other categories as well. Design Implementation Evaluation Individual [KB01] [KC02] [MBC+00] [BP99] [BLG00] [BPC00] [KSK97] [Lie95] [LYM02] Group [CC02] [CLW+01] [KOR00] [MS94] [RS01] [SZ00] [JFM97] [KMM+97] [CLP00] Table 3: Papers from the Examine Object cell in Table2 , classified by study type. The papers discussed in greater depth in Section 3 have been highlighted.... In PAGE 5: ... None the less, because such work focuses on supporting the individual, we classify it as Individual . While the papers from the Examine Object category of Table2 spread evenly across several of the categories of Table 3, it is evident that little work has focused primarily on the Evaluation category. This is probably because the field is still young, and until now it has been difficult to determine what sort of evaluation test beds would be appropriate.... In PAGE 5: ... This is probably because the field is still young, and until now it has been difficult to determine what sort of evaluation test beds would be appropriate. 3 Examination of Key Papers In this section, we provide a more in depth analysis of several papers that we believe are good representatives of the various different areas of Table2 . Our purpose in examining these papers in more detail is to present the reader with a better idea of how studies of implicit feedback are conducted, how this feedback is typically used and what the key issues and problems in this area are.... ..."

"... In PAGE 21: ...ection 7.1 and 7.2 have a stronger relation: they are in fact equivalent. A number of existing as well as newly introduced in this paper methods are extensively discussed in further sections of this work. Table1 shows a reference list of the methods, with their acronyms, initial literature sources and basic equations. Furthermore, Fig.... ..."

"... In PAGE 7: ... Conclusions This paper categorizes a number of architectural transformations that are useful during program maintenance. These include lifting and hiding transformations (Section 2), diagnostic and sifting transformations (Section 3), and repair transformations (Section 4); see Table1 . Since it is common to represent a software architecture as a typed, directed graph, we can think of these architectural transformations as graph transformations.... ..."

"... In PAGE 3: ... However, this comparison gives some interesting insights into the relation among the areas, and these insights are a good starting point for further and more complete comparisons. A summary of the comparison is given in Table1 . In our comparison, some concepts can be mapped easily onto concepts of other theories and systems.... ..."

"... In PAGE 5: ... 2(c). All three data can be downloaded from the URL in Table1 (1). Our BPE integrates these data to SQLite that is one of a relational database with SQL92 standard for- mat (http://www.... In PAGE 5: ...at (http://www.sqlite.org/). In KEGG service, metabolic and gene regula- tory pathways are represented with graphical path- way maps, which can be accessed from the URL in Table1 (2). These maps consist of GIF image maps, HTML and CGI scripts as shown in Fig.... In PAGE 6: ... 1: ENTRY C00103 2: NAME D-Glucose 1-phosphate 3: alpha-D-Glucose 1-phosphate 4: Cori ester 5: D-Glucose alpha-1-phosphate 6: FORMULA C6H13O9P (d) A compound data in LIGAND. Figure 2: (a) The glycolysis/gluconeogenesis map in KEGG, its URL is in Table1 (4). (b) The map (a) has a clickable image map.... In PAGE 6: ...ith a string 3.1.3.10 links to the detailed informa- tion via DBGET. The URL is in Table1 (5). The 3.... In PAGE 6: ... Each database in the BioCyc collec- tion describes the genome and metabolic pathways of a single organism, with the exception of the MetaCyc database, which is a reference source on metabolic pathways from many organisms (Karp, Riley, Paley amp; Pellegrini-Toole 2002). All these data can be down- loaded from the URL in Table1 (8). Our BPE also stores these data to a relational database, SQLite.... In PAGE 6: ... Our BPE also stores these data to a relational database, SQLite. In BioCyc, like KEGG maps, metabolic networks are represented by graphical pathway maps with clickable gif image maps, which can be accessed from the URL in Table1 (9) as in Fig. 4(a).... In PAGE 7: ...lycolysis/gluconeogenesis KEGG map in Fig. 2(a). We can also convert more than 6000 metabolic path- way maps in KEGG. These KEGG maps can be ac- cessed from the URL in Table1 (2). (b) A snapshot of executing the metabolic pathway of (a) with ani- mations.... In PAGE 7: ... Figure 4: (a) The dTDP-rhamnose biosynthesis path- way map in EcoCyc. The URL is in Table1 (6). (b) The map (a) has a clickable image map.... In PAGE 7: ... For ex- ample, the compound, glucose-1-phosphate, on the map links to the detailed information. The URL is in Table1 (7). The information is similar to DBGET in KEGG project as in Fig.... ..."

"... In PAGE 7: ... 3.4 Summary Table1 presents an overview of the 3D shape descriptors re- viewed in this section in the light of the processing pipeline... ..."