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Comprehensive database for facial expression analysis
- in Proceedings of Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition
"... Within the past decade, significant effort has occurred in developing methods of facial expression analysis. Because most investigators have used relatively limited data sets, the generalizability of these various methods remains unknown. We describe the problem space for facial expression analysis, ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 593 (51 self)
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Within the past decade, significant effort has occurred in developing methods of facial expression analysis. Because most investigators have used relatively limited data sets, the generalizability of these various methods remains unknown. We describe the problem space for facial expression analysis
Facial expression and emotion
- American Psychologist
, 1993
"... In this article, we review diverse studies of the antecedents, facial display, and social consequences of embarrassment. These studies indicate that embarrassment serves an appeasement function, reconciling social relations when they have gone awry. We then speculate about how embarrassment is elabo ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 566 (12 self)
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In this article, we review diverse studies of the antecedents, facial display, and social consequences of embarrassment. These studies indicate that embarrassment serves an appeasement function, reconciling social relations when they have gone awry. We then speculate about how embarrassment
Automatic Analysis of Facial Expressions: The State of the Art
- IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
, 2000
"... ... This paper surveys the past work in solving these problems. The capability of the human visual system with respect to these problems is discussed, too. It is meant to serve as an ultimate goal and a guide for determining recommendations for development of an automatic facial expression analyze ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 442 (18 self)
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... This paper surveys the past work in solving these problems. The capability of the human visual system with respect to these problems is discussed, too. It is meant to serve as an ultimate goal and a guide for determining recommendations for development of an automatic facial expression
Recognizing action units for facial expression analysis
- PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
, 2001
"... Most automatic expression analysis systems attempt to recognize a small set of prototypic expressions, such as happiness, anger, surprise, and fear. Such prototypic expressions, however, occur rather infrequently. Human emotions and intentions are more often communicated by changes in one or a few ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 399 (38 self)
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discrete facial features. In this paper, we develop an Automatic Face Analysis (AFA) system to analyze facial expressions based on both permanent facial features (brows, eyes, mouth) and transient facial features (deepening of facial furrows) in a nearly frontal-view face image sequence. The AFA system
Automatic Facial Expression Analysis: A Survey
- PATTERN RECOGNITION
, 1999
"... Over the last decade, automatic facial expression analysis has become an active research area that finds potential applications in areas such as more engaging human-computer interfaces, talking heads, image retrieval and human emotion analysis. Facial expressions reflect not only emotions, but ot ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 295 (0 self)
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Over the last decade, automatic facial expression analysis has become an active research area that finds potential applications in areas such as more engaging human-computer interfaces, talking heads, image retrieval and human emotion analysis. Facial expressions reflect not only emotions
Coding, Analysis, Interpretation, and Recognition of Facial Expressions
, 1997
"... We describe a computer vision system for observing facial motion by using an optimal estimation optical flow method coupled with geometric, physical and motion-based dynamic models describing the facial structure. Our method produces a reliable parametric representation of the face's independen ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 331 (6 self)
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's independent muscle action groups, as well as an accurate estimate of facial motion. Previous efforts at analysis of facial expression have been based on the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), a representation developed in order to allow human psychologists to code expression from static pictures. To avoid
Unconscious facial reactions to emotional facial expressions
- Psychological Science
, 2000
"... Abstract—Studies reveal that when people are exposed to emotional facial expressions, they spontaneously react with distinct facial elec-tromyographic (EMG) reactions in emotion-relevant facial muscles. These reactions reflect, in part, a tendency to mimic the facial stimuli. We investigated whether ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 271 (1 self)
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Abstract—Studies reveal that when people are exposed to emotional facial expressions, they spontaneously react with distinct facial elec-tromyographic (EMG) reactions in emotion-relevant facial muscles. These reactions reflect, in part, a tendency to mimic the facial stimuli. We investigated
Generating Facial Expressions for Speech
- Cognitive Science
, 1996
"... This paper reports results from a program that produces high quality animation of facial expressions and head movements as automatically as possible in conjunction with meaning-based speech synthesis, including spoken intonation. The goal of the research is as much to test and define our theories of ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 149 (19 self)
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This paper reports results from a program that produces high quality animation of facial expressions and head movements as automatically as possible in conjunction with meaning-based speech synthesis, including spoken intonation. The goal of the research is as much to test and define our theories
Synthesizing Realistic Facial Expressions from Photographs
"... We present new techniques for creating photorealistic textured 3D facial models from photographs of a human subject, and for creating smooth transitions between different facial expressions by morphing between these different models. Starting from several uncalibrated views of a human subject, we em ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 291 (11 self)
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We present new techniques for creating photorealistic textured 3D facial models from photographs of a human subject, and for creating smooth transitions between different facial expressions by morphing between these different models. Starting from several uncalibrated views of a human subject, we
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