avoidance: The mediating role of emotional

-level functional partitioning. These partitions are mapped into information process-ing modules. The modules are assigned to nodes of the distributed information systems. A central role is assigned to modules that mediate between the users ' workstations and data re-sources. Mediators contain

The authors summarize 35 years of empirical research on goal-setting theory. They describe the core findings of the theory, the mechanisms by which goals operate, moderators of goal effects, the relation of goals and satisfaction, and the role of goals as mediators of incentives. The external

A theory of the way working memory capacity constrains comprehension is proposed. The theory proposes that both processing and storage are mediated by activation and that the total amount of activation available in working memory varies among individuals. Individual differences in working memory

Two qualitative studies in the U.K. health care sector trace eight purposefully selected innovations. Complex, contested, and nonlinear innovation careers emerged. Developing the nonlinear perspective on innovation spread further, we theorize that multiprofessionalization shapes "nonspread." Social and cognitive boundaries between different professions retard spread, as individual professionals operate within unidisciplinary communities of practice. This new theory helps explain barriers to the spread of innovation in multiprofessional organizations in both health care and other settings. I think all the evidence about innovation in general practice points to the fact that rarely, very rarely, does a single method change people's behaviour. Primary care doctor interviewed for this study Why do innovations not readily spread, even if backed by strong evidence? The study of the spread of innovations is an enduring focus of interest. More recent studies in the research literature have developed from earlier linear and stagelike models This article reports our analytic journey from our initial research design, through iterative analysis, to final theory building. In the next section, we describe our theoretical framework at the start of the research; then we outline our research design and methods. In the third section, we provide an overview of our initial results, and then in section four explain our reanalysis of data to search for more refined explanations. In the final section, we induce theory and discuss wider implications. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK The Presenting Problem: Evidence-Based Innovations in Health Care The spread of innovations reemerged as an important theme within the health care sector with We acknowledge the support of NHS North Thames (R&D Directorate) for funding the acute sector-based study and the NHS West Midlands (R&D Directorate) for funding the primary care base study. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the research team and not necessarily of the funders. We also thank this journal's referees and editor for their insightful and helpful comments on drafts.

, discipline, support, and trust facilitates contex-tual ambidexterity. Further, ambidexterity mediates the relationship between these contextual features and performance. Data collected from 4,195 individuals in 41 business units supported our hypotheses. A recurring theme in a variety of organizational

pRB, the product of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene, operates in the midst of the cell cycle clock appara-tus. Its main role is to act as a signal transducer connecting the cell cycle clock with the transcriptional machinery. In this role, pRB allows the clock to control the expression

of organizational justice dimensions (distributive, procedural, and interactional) on OCB. Similarly, organizational trust positively affects OCB. Furthermore, this study shows that organizational trust plays a mediating role in the relationship between the organizational justice and OCB.

of information and computer-mediated interactions. We think the theory of distributed cognition has a special role to play in understanding interactions between people and technologies, for its focus has always been on whole environments: what we really do in them and how we coordinate our activity in them

these multiple findings, we propose and test a model of two-party (dyadic) knowledge exchange, with strong support in each of the three companies surveyed. First, the link between strong ties and receipt of useful knowledge (as reported by the knowledge seeker) was mediated by competence- and benevolence