"... In PAGE 11: ... The total owbetween pairs of cities was made proportional to the product of the populations. These ows are given in Table4 . The cost of a link between two cities was made equal to the distance between the two cities in miles.... ..."

"... In PAGE 11: ... Documents, such as annual budgets, job descriptions, organization charts, and newspaper clippings were used to supplement and validate the data collected through the questionnaires and the interviews over the ten year period. FINDINGS Site Description: A Tale of Two Cities Table1 presents the environmental, organizational, and IT contexts of New City and Old City. With respect to their environment, both cities were located in Orange County, California and had a population of about 120,000 in 1995.... In PAGE 12: ... Both cities apos; economies were mixed, with New City having high-tech industry and high-end businesses and Old City more in the middle of the spectrum (Table 1). --------------------------------------------- Insert Table1 about here --------------------------------------------- The organizational context of the cities was also similar. Both had highly centralized organizational decision authority exemplified by the city manager form of government with its strong chief executive and five levels in the management hierarchy, two of which were middle management.... In PAGE 12: ....98 in 1985 to 5.35 in 1995. Table1 presents the financial situation in two distinct periods of time (1985-90 and 1990- 95). Between 1985-90, both cities, as well as most American cities, suffered decreasing revenues from federal and state governments.... In PAGE 14: ... First, in contrast to Old City, top management in New City was investing heavily in IT as a matter of policy throughout the 1985-1995 period. Table1 indicates that IT budgets increased fourfold between 1985 and 1990 in New City while revenues and expenditures increased by only two times. The IT budget reached its peak in 1995 at $2.... In PAGE 14: ... On the other hand, top management in Old City consistently starved the IT department for funds and staff. Although the IT budget more than doubled from 1985 to 1990 ($748,000 versus $1,695,000, Table1 ), the budget almost returned to its 1985 level by 1995 ($869,000, Table 1). By comaparison, Old City apos;s IT budget was less than one-third of New City apos;s IT budget in 1995.... In PAGE 14: ... On the other hand, top management in Old City consistently starved the IT department for funds and staff. Although the IT budget more than doubled from 1985 to 1990 ($748,000 versus $1,695,000, Table 1), the budget almost returned to its 1985 level by 1995 ($869,000, Table1 ). By comaparison, Old City apos;s IT budget was less than one-third of New City apos;s IT budget in 1995.... ..."

"... In PAGE 24: ... It should be noted that some of the cities left under consideration su er from low counts in one of the two key variables. Even after screening out the thirteen cities listed in Table1 for having prohibitively low counts, we are left with a few cities with a maximum of four occurrences in one of the variables. While this is certainly a happy circumstance for these cities, it is not so good for the data analyst; even though the models do converge in these cases, the results from these cities are not the soundest basis for inference and should be down-weighted in reaching conclusions.... ..."

"... In PAGE 2: ... Urban Travel Demand There are 4,000 cities and towns in India including cities having population less than 1 million to more than 9 millions. As shown in Table1 , 147 cities have a population of less than 1 lakh, and 177 cities have a population ... ..."

"... In PAGE 10: ...We reviewed digital cities in the world. Table1 summarizes the comparison results. Digital cities started with quite different motivations including a vertical market, a public communication place, a next generation metropolitan network, and a social information infrastructure.... ..."