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  Coding of border ownership in monkey visual cortex (2000) [10 citations — 1 self]

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by Hong Zhou, Howard S. Friedman, Rüdiger Von Der Heydt
Journal of Neuroscience
http://www.cns.nyu.edu/vjclub/archive/zhou2000.pdf
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Abstract:

Areas V1 and V2 of the visual cortex have traditionally been conceived as stages of local feature representations. We investigated whether neural responses carry information about how local features belong to objects. Single-cell activity was recorded in areas V1, V2, and V4 of awake behaving monkeys. Displays were used in which the same local feature (contrast edge or line) could be presented as part of different figures. For example, the same light–dark edge could be the left side of a dark square or the right side of a light square. Each display was also presented with reversed contrast. We found significant modulation of responses as a function of the side of the figure in �50 % of neurons of V2 and V4 and in 18 % of neurons of the top layers of V1. Thus, besides the local contrast border information, neurons were found to encode the side to which the border belongs (“border ownership coding”). A majority of these neurons coded border ownership and the local polarity of luminance–chromaticity contrast. The others were insensitive to contrast polarity. Another 20 % of the neurons of V2 and V4, and 48 % of top layer V1, coded local contrast polarity, When neural function in the monkey visual cortex was first analyzed, it was concluded that the initial stages represent visual information in terms of local features, each neuron analyzing the small area of the retinal image covered by its receptive field, which occupies only a tiny fraction of the whole visual field (Hubel and Wiesel 1968, 1977). This notion has been modified by studies showing that responses evoked by a local stimulus can also be modulated by stimulation of a larger surround of that small area (which was then termed the “classical receptive field”; Nelson and

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