We show through elementary means that the covariance functions of second-order stationary vector Markov regime switching time series models have vector ARMA(p; q) representations, where the upper bounds for p and q are elementary functions of the number of regimes. This applies in general to vector Markov regime switching processes with both mean-variance and autoregressive switching. This result yields an easily computed method for setting a lower bound on the number of underlying Markov regimes from an estimated autocovariance function.
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