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FDI and Licensing Strategies by Dutch Multinationals in Japan
BibTeX
@MISC{Nibor_fdiand,
author = {Ren Belderbos Nibor and René A. Belderbos},
title = {FDI and Licensing Strategies by Dutch Multinationals in Japan},
year = {}
}
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Abstract
After reviewing the stylised facts concerning Japan's low level of inward investment and the explanations for these facts put forward in the literature, this paper examines the licensing and investment behaviour of Dutch multinational enterprises in Japan. It is shown that aggregate data on Dutch foreign direct investment in Japan substantially underestimate the presence of Dutch firms. Survey data indicate that employment in affiliates of Dutch multinationals reached at least 12,000 in 1995. The largest five industrial groups (Shell, Unilever, Philips, Akzo-Nobel and DSM) are responsible for more than 90 percent of Dutch investment. Dutch affiliates on balance register a trade surplus with the rest of the world and with the Netherlands, which contrasts with the trade pattern of other foreign affiliates in Japan. The trade surplus is due to the active procurement of Japanese components and materials for world-wide operations by some affiliates, and the export-oriented manufacturing ope...
Keyphrases
dutch multinationals licensing strategy trade surplus world-wide operation foreign affiliate dutch investment export-oriented manufacturing ope stylised fact balance register aggregate data active procurement trade pattern dutch firm inward investment low level dutch foreign direct investment industrial group japanese component investment behaviour dutch multinational enterprise
