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Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late Nineteenth Century (2003)
| Venue: | J. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH |
| Citations: | 515 - 3 self |
BibTeX
@ARTICLE{Rayner03globalanalyses,
author = {N. A. Rayner and D. E. Parker and E. B. Horton and C. K. Folland and L. V. Alexander and D. P. Rowell and E. C. Kent and A. Kaplan},
title = { Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late Nineteenth Century},
journal = {J. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH},
year = {2003},
pages = {4407}
}
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Abstract
... data set, HadISST1, and the nighttime marine air temperature (NMAT) data set, HadMAT1. HadISST1 replaces the global sea ice and sea surface temperature (GISST) data sets and is a unique combination of monthly globally complete fields of SST and sea ice concentration on a 1 ° latitude-longitude grid from 1871. The companion HadMAT1 runs monthly from 1856 on a 5 ° latitude-longitude grid and incorporates new corrections for the effect on NMAT of increasing deck (and hence measurement) heights. HadISST1 and HadMAT1 temperatures are reconstructed using a two-stage reducedspace optimal interpolation procedure, followed by superposition of quality-improved gridded observations onto the reconstructions to restore local detail. The sea ice fields are made more homogeneous by compensating satellite microwave-based sea ice concentrations for the impact of surface melt effects on retrievals in the Arctic and for algorithm deficiencies in the Antarctic and by making the historical in situ concentrations consistent with the satellite data. SSTs near sea ice are estimated using statistical relationships between SST and sea ice concentration. HadISST1 compares well with other published analyses, capturing trends in global, hemispheric, and regional SST well,
Keyphrases
sea surface temperature sea ice night marine air temperature late nineteenth century data set global analysis sea ice concentration latitude-longitude grid unique combination companion hadmat1 quality-improved gridded observation satellite microwave-based sea ice concentration local detail regional sst sea ice field hadmat1 temperature satellite data nighttime marine air temperature algorithm deficiency situ concentration statistical relationship new correction global sea ice complete field two-stage reducedspace optimal interpolation procedure surface melt effect
