Abstract

We reviewed the use of advanced display technologies for monitoring in anesthesia. Researchers are investigating displays that integrate information and that, in some cases, also deliver the results continuously to the anesthesiologist. Integrated visual displays reveal higher-order properties of patient state and speed in responding to events, but their benefits under an intensely timeshared load is unknown. Head-mounted displays seem to shorten the time to respond to changes, but their impact on peripheral awareness and attention is unknown. Continuous auditory displays extending pulse oximetry seem to shorten response times and improve the ability to timeshare other tasks, but their integration into the already Recent advances in display technology offer new ways to present information about patients to anesthesiologists. Some research focuses on identifying information that needs to be conveyed and has led to configural graphic displays that show relations between sensed measures and physiological functions. Other research focuses on improving information delivery to the clinician. For example, headmounted displays (HMDs) present monitored information directly to the anesthesiologist’s field of view and may be a more effective way of monitoring patients. Alternatively, sonification, a nonspatialized auditory display 1 that represents relations in data as relations between the dimensions of sound, may serve

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