DMCA
Working-memory capacity and the control of attention: The contributions of goal neglect, response competition, and task set to Stroop interference (2003)
| Venue: | JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY GENERAL |
| Citations: | 168 - 9 self |
BibTeX
@ARTICLE{Kane03working-memorycapacity,
author = {Michael J. Kane and Randall W. Engle},
title = {Working-memory capacity and the control of attention: The contributions of goal neglect, response competition, and task set to Stroop interference},
journal = {JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY GENERAL},
year = {2003},
volume = {132},
number = {1},
pages = {47--70}
}
Share
 |
 |
 |
 |
||
OpenURL
Abstract
Individual differences in working-memory (WM) capacity predicted performance on the Stroop task in 5 experiments, indicating the importance of executive control and goal maintenance to selective attention. When the Stroop task encouraged goal neglect by including large numbers of congruent trials (RED presented in red), low WM individuals committed more errors than did high WM individuals on the rare incongruent trials (BLUE in red) that required maintaining access to the “ignore-the-word ” goal for accurate responding. In contrast, in tasks with no or few congruent trials, or in high-congruency tasks that followed low-congruency tasks, WM predicted response-time interference. WM was related to latency, not accuracy, in contexts that reinforced the task goal and so minimized the difficulty of actively maintaining it. The data and a literature review suggest that Stroop interference is jointly determined by 2 mechanisms, goal maintenance and competition resolution, and that the dominance of each depends on WM capacity, as well as the task set induced by current and previous contexts.
Keyphrases
goal neglect stroop interference response competition working-memory capacity goal maintenance congruent trial stroop task selective attention high wm individual low wm individual response-time interference literature review wm capacity competition resolution low-congruency task rare incongruent trial accurate responding ignore-the-word goal individual difference task goal executive control previous context large number high-congruency task
