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Biological responses to electromagnetic fields (1998)
| Venue: | FASEB Journal |
| Citations: | 29 - 0 self |
BibTeX
@ARTICLE{Lacy-hulbert98biologicalresponses,
author = {Adam Lacy-hulbert and James C. Metcalfe and Robin Hesketh},
title = {Biological responses to electromagnetic fields},
journal = {FASEB Journal},
year = {1998},
pages = {395--420}
}
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Electrification in developed countries has progressively increased the mean level of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) to which populations are exposed; these humanmade fields are substantially above the naturally occurring ambient electric and magnetic fields of Ç10 04 Vm01 and Ç10013 T, respectively. Several epidemiological studies have concluded that ELF-EMFs may be linked to an increased risk of cancer, particularly childhood leukemia. These observations have been reinforced by cellular studies reporting EMF-induced effects on biological systems, most notably on the activity of components of the pathways that regulate cell proliferation. However, the limited number of attempts to directly replicate these experimental findings have been almost uniformly unsuccessful, and no EMF-induced biological response has yet been replicated in independent laboratories. Many of the most well-defined effects have come from gene expression studies; several attempts have been made recently to repeat these key findings. This review analyses these studies and summarizes other reports of major cellular responses to EMFs and the published attempts at replication. The opening sections discuss quantitative aspects of exposure to EMFs and the incidence of cancers that have been correlated with such fields. The concluding section considers the problems that confront research in this area and suggests feasible strategies.—Lacy-Hulbert,
Keyphrases
electromagnetic field biological response opening section emf-induced biological response abstract electrification childhood leukemia experimental finding developed country mean level cellular study cell proliferation several epidemiological study major cellular response quantitative aspect biological system low-frequency electromagnetic field well-defined effect magnetic field feasible strategy gene expression study key finding emf-induced effect independent laboratory several attempt limited number humanmade field
