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their support and guidance. I have also benefited from the comments of Josh Angrist, Saku Aura, (2004)
BibTeX
@MISC{Basker04theirsupport,
author = {Emek Basker and David Autor and Glenn Ellison and Bengte Evenson and Amy Finkelstein and Guido Kuersteiner and Jeffrey Miron and Peter Mueser and Whitney Newey and Marko Terviö and Ken Troske and Howard Wall},
title = {their support and guidance. I have also benefited from the comments of Josh Angrist, Saku Aura,},
year = {2004}
}
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Abstract
This paper estimates the effect of Wal-Mart expansion on retail employment at the county level. Using an instrumental-variables approach to correct for both measurement error in entry dates and endogeneity of the timing of entry, I find that Wal-Mart entry increases retail employment by 100 jobs intheyearofentry.Halfofthisgaindisappearsoverthenextfive years as other retail establishments exit and contract, leaving a long-run statistically significant net gain of 50 jobs. Wholesale employment declines by approximately 20 jobs due to Wal-Mart’s vertical integration. No spillover effect is detected in retail sectors in which Wal-Mart does not compete directly, suggesting Wal-Mart does not create agglomeration economies in retail trade at the county level.
Keyphrases
josh angrist saku aura county level wholesale employment decline halfofthisgaindisappearsoverthenextfive year entry date agglomeration economy retail establishment exit instrumental-variables approach job intheyearofentry significant net gain retail trade retail employment wal-mart vertical integration wal-mart expansion wal-mart entry increase retail employment retail sector measurement error spillover effect
