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Delays, Inaccuracies and Anticipation in Microscopic . . . (2005)
| Citations: | 40 - 11 self |
BibTeX
@MISC{Treiber05delays,inaccuracies,
author = {Martin Treiber and Arne Kesting and Dirk Helbing},
title = {Delays, Inaccuracies and Anticipation in Microscopic . . .},
year = {2005}
}
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Abstract
We generalize a wide class of time-continuous microscopic traffic models to include essential aspects of driver behaviour not captured by these models. Specifically, we consider (i) finite reaction times, (ii) estimation errors, (iii) looking several vehicles ahead (spatial anticipation), and (iv) temporal anticipation. The estimation errors are modelled as stochastic Wiener processes and lead to time-correlated fluctuations of the acceleration. We show that the destabilizing effects of reaction times and estimation errors can essentially be compensated for by spatial and temporal anticipation, that is, the combination of stabilizing and destabilizing effects results in the same qualitative macroscopic dynamics as that of the respectively underlying simple car-following model. In many cases, this justifies the use of simplified, physics-oriented models with a few parameters only. Although the qualitative dynamics is unchanged, multianticipation increase both spatial and temporal scales of stop-and-go waves and other complex patterns of congested traffic in agreement with real traffic data. Remarkably, the anticipation allows accident-free smooth driving in complex traffic situations even if reaction times exceed typical time headways.
Keyphrases
estimation error reaction time temporal anticipation qualitative macroscopic dynamic several vehicle underlying simple car-following model many case spatial anticipation typical time headway stop-and-go wave multianticipation increase congested traffic real traffic data accident-free smooth driving temporal scale wide class time-correlated fluctuation time-continuous microscopic traffic model finite reaction time essential aspect complex pattern stochastic wiener process destabilizing effect result qualitative dynamic driver behaviour destabilizing effect complex traffic situation physics-oriented model
