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...pan to develop goodscommunication skills. Allen et al showed that with properstraining of students and faculty, such educational techniquesscan be achieved very successfully in health care educations(=-=Allen, Sargeant, Mann, Fleming, & Premi, 2003-=-; Sommers,sMorgan, Johnson, & Yatabe, 2006).sIn medical and co-medical education, facilitated groupsdiscussions have become widely used (Allen, Sargeant,sMann, Fleming, & Premi, 2003; Sommers, Morgan,...

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...he session.sPossible benefits to participants include more confidence,sbetter communication skills, improved thinking skills, andsincreased motivation and commitments to better professionalsbehavior (=-=Abusabha, Peacock, & Achterberg, 1999-=-).sCarlisleset al. explored the feasibility of introducing inter-professionalseducation and reported findings from focus group interviews.sEach focus group had a couple of facilitators who led thesgro...

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...aduate research methods module and conducted a smallsevaluation study to explore its efficacy. They reported that allsthose involved in the PBL process reinforced the pivotal rolesof the facilitator (=-=Carlisl & Ibbotson, 2005-=-).sGelula statedsthat because what they learn is retained longer when they aresable to engage in active learning, the discussion groupslearning processes are at the center of medical education. Hesals...

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...e of communityspharmacists who were members of the American PharmacysAssociation were surveyed to examine influences on theirscommunication with consumers about antibiotics andsantibiotic resistance (=-=Coleman, 2003-=-).sIt was stated thatsalthough most pharmacists agreed with the importance of thespharmacists’ role in educating patients, they also noted thatsseveral barriers, such as time constraints, lack of educ...

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...d (Jones, 2001).sJohnston et al stated thatsone factor which had been found to be vital to the successfulsuse of these methodologies in the school of nursing was theseffectiveness of the facilitator (=-=Johnston & Tinning, 2001-=-). Insthe medical school as well, a facilitator plays an importantsrole in teaching communication skills.sWagner reported thatsstudents working in groups of 30 completing activities basedson video dev...

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...2sINTRODUCTIONsSince the 1970s, pharmacy practice and education have beensevolving to emphasize a patient- rather than a productoriented type of practice (Rising, 1946; Youngken, 1953;sBrodie, 19966; =-=Parker, 1967-=-).sThe acceptance of the entrylevel Pharm.D. for all U.S. pharmacy graduates reflects thisschange. Moreover, this evolution in pharmacy practice andseducation is occurring world-wide, as reflected by ...

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...mentioned that the clinical instructor who uses smallsgroup discussions effectively will find that his role assinformation provider is diminished but that his role assfacilitator is greatly enhanced (=-=Gelula, 1997-=-). Wuenschell etsal. described the workshop intended to prepare faculty forstheir roles in a newly instituted problem-based learning (PBL)sdental program.sThey designed the facilitation of learningswo...

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... also cited as effectives(Wuenschell, Dalrymple, & Shuler, 2007).sWithin contemporary medical, pharmaceutical and nursingscurricula, problem-based learning methodologies are nowsextensively utilized (=-=Jones, 2001-=-).sJohnston et al stated thatsone factor which had been found to be vital to the successfulsuse of these methodologies in the school of nursing was theseffectiveness of the facilitator (Johnston & Tin...

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..., & Yatabe, 2006).sIn medical and co-medical education, facilitated groupsdiscussions have become widely used (Allen, Sargeant,sMann, Fleming, & Premi, 2003; Sommers, Morgan, Johnson,s& Yatabe, 2006; =-=Mckinley & Stoll, 1994-=-). Facilitated groupsdiscussions provide an alternative method to lecturing andsone-on-one approaches for conducting educationalsinterventions at various professional settings. They are ansinteractive...

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...s of small group learningswillingly presented individual dilemmas, validated eachsother’s concerns, shared uncertainty in managementsstrategies, and responded positively to new clinicalsperspectives (=-=Sommers, Morgan, Johnson, & Yatabe, 2007-=-).sPharmacists’ communication skills are regarded as beingsvaluable in various fields of practice.sNilaward et al statedsthat pharmacists’ communication with children was assumedsto increase the exten...

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...as most commonlysidentified as an effective workshop element by attendees, withsparticipant discussions and opportunities forsinput fromsexperienced facilitators and students also cited as effectives(=-=Wuenschell, Dalrymple, & Shuler, 2007-=-).sWithin contemporary medical, pharmaceutical and nursingscurricula, problem-based learning methodologies are nowsextensively utilized (Jones, 2001).sJohnston et al stated thatsone factor which had b...

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... having a subsequent improvement in its attitudestoward pharmacy. The results showed that increased patientscommunication about drug therapy can result in improvedsconsumer attitudes toward pharmacy (=-=Norwood, 1975-=-).sIn order for pharmacists to effectively communicate withspatients, it is necessary to identify and overcome varioussbarriers. In the United States, a sample of communityspharmacists who were member...