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...nd embedding an RF tag into, e.g., the access card that all the employees already carry, users could log on to KOALA automatically just passing by. This approach was used in the “Active Badge” system =-=[13]-=-. One member of the group proposed a system with RFID for identification and login (which would then become a passive event) and touch screen for simple interaction with the display. As he said “It mu...

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...red displays, i.e. large shared interactive screens containing public or community information, have been recently advocated as a novel technology for supporting collaboration [12]. As pointed out in =-=[9]-=-, a combination of shared displays and mobile devices can be used to support different degrees of mobility and a smooth switch from individual to collaborative activities, from public to shared inform...

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..., who is expected to do what, and so on. Second, these artifacts act as a community concierge, proving information on who is in, who is out, and where each person is. Third, as already pointed out in =-=[2]-=-, shared displays can play the role of community memory. In all these cases displays are mainly supporting asynchronous cooperation by providing information that might be needed by different community...

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... reporting here of actual usage of such systems. Empirical investigation is in fact essential to understand how these new applications can be used in different settings and for informing their design =-=[1]-=-. In this perspective, our experimentation is not aiming at evaluating the system, but it is rather an exploratory study of how this type of novel technology is actually used in real world settings. 2...

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...s” can be a general phenomenon. The system should therefore be designed so to promote the involvement of super-users, possibly supporting the tailoring of the systems to the specific context of usage =-=[11]-=-. At the deployment level, this implies that tailoring should be promoted and rewarded. LL3. Content plays a key role in the adoption of the system and it is related to the place where it is made avai...

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...eo recording people external to the test group rarely stopped or gathered in front of the displays and when they did it was for shorter periods of time. These results are in line with the findings in =-=[10]-=- which state that personalized and customized content on public displays help to create conversation opportunities. The relevance of the content strongly depends on where the display is positioned and...

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...rt different degrees of mobility and a smooth switch from individual to collaborative activities, from public to shared information. Shared displays can also facilitate socialization, as suggested in =-=[3]-=-. The growing interest in these devices comes from the popularity of conventional bulletin boards and similar paper-based artifacts. Bulletin boards play a variety of roles in any space inhabited by a...

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...eeded by different community members. Figure 1: Paper-based shared displays The described usage of these artifacts has many similarities with the usage of displays in the home environment reported in =-=[4]-=-. There the authors introduce the category of coordinate displays, i.e. displays that are introduced “for the express purposes of collaborative actions” and that are ecologically distributed and inter...

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...Awareness with Large Artifacts) is developed with the main aim of promoting informal cooperation and presence in a community of people sharing physical spaces in their office setting. As discussed in =-=[6]-=-, paper based artifacts are in fact widely used for similar purposes. Figure 1 shows the type of paper-based artifact that has guided the development of KOALA. The photo (taken from Telenor R&D’s prem...

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...wo directions. First, we want to improve the flexibility of KOALA, both at the functional and technical level. With this aim we are integrating KOALA into a ubiquitous platform that we are developing =-=[5]-=-. Second we want to make available through KOALA services for supporting a smooth transition between informal and formal cooperation, for example, by temporally tailoring a display to be used for supp...

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...formation that is available on it. Second, interact with the system can be technically demanding and this creates an additional barrier to the interactive usage of the system. We therefore agree with =-=[8]-=- that easiness of interaction is a key success factor for these systems. This however has to be understood not only in terms of usability of the interactive services, but also in terms of, e.g., compl...