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...ational principles. 12 Within this epistemological basis, one of the central theories that play an important role across most of the studies using a TLM approach is human capital theory (Becker 1962; =-=Becker 1975-=-). Since continuing education and life-long learning gain in importance in industrialised economies, transitions between the education system and the labour market obviously constitute a main focus of...

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...the analysis of labour markets in general, there are a number of other theories that laid the foundations for the TLM approach, including segmentation theory (Edwards et al. 1975), signalling theory (=-=Spence 1973-=-), or insider-outsider-theory (Lindbeck and Snower 1989). All of these theories have in common that they more or less describe labour market and policy failures, which the TLM approach aims to overcom...

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... inter alia rational principles. 12 Within this epistemological basis, one of the central theories that play an important role across most of the studies using a TLM approach is human capital theory (=-=Becker 1962-=-; Becker 1975). Since continuing education and life-long learning gain in importance in industrialised economies, transitions between the education system and the labour market obviously constitute a ...

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...an eclectic accumulation of different studies. Hence, it seems appropriate to explore the theoretical core of the TLM concept. The TLM concept’s basic idea relies very much on ‘situational analysis’ (=-=Popper 1972-=-; Popper 1994 [1963]). Based on critical rationalism and its falsification principle, situational analysis means the description and explanation of events in consideration of their historical and inst...

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... there are a number of other theories that laid the foundations for the TLM approach, including segmentation theory (Edwards et al. 1975), signalling theory (Spence 1973), or insider-outsider-theory (=-=Lindbeck and Snower 1989-=-). All of these theories have in common that they more or less describe labour market and policy failures, which the TLM approach aims to overcome by alleviating labour market transitions. With its fo...

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....................................... 18s1. Introduction The concept of transitional labour markets (TLMs) serves as the theoretical background for taking a policy-oriented view on labour markets (cf. =-=Schmid 1998-=-; Schmid 2002; Schmid and Schömann 2004; Schmid 2006; Schmid 2008). Given an increasing demand for flexibility and the need to preserve social security in times when traditional full-employment is no ...

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...ion The concept of transitional labour markets (TLMs) serves as the theoretical background for taking a policy-oriented view on labour markets (cf. Schmid 1998; Schmid 2002; Schmid and Schömann 2004; =-=Schmid 2006-=-; Schmid 2008). Given an increasing demand for flexibility and the need to preserve social security in times when traditional full-employment is no longer feasible, this concept encourages policy-make...

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.......................... 18s1. Introduction The concept of transitional labour markets (TLMs) serves as the theoretical background for taking a policy-oriented view on labour markets (cf. Schmid 1998; =-=Schmid 2002-=-; Schmid and Schömann 2004; Schmid 2006; Schmid 2008). Given an increasing demand for flexibility and the need to preserve social security in times when traditional full-employment is no longer feasib...

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...ption, despite the fact that further developments of sequence analysis methods, multidimensional scaling, and cluster analysis have enhanced our ability to include more than one status 7change (e.g. =-=Brzinsky-Fay 2007-=-). In order to facilitate mutual learning effects between method development, empirical analysis, and theoretical discussion, it seems helpful to refer to life-course research, where the concepts of ‘...

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...to start with. In contrast to the neglected exploratory analysis of transitions mentioned above, a number of studies develop typologies of active labour market policies (O’Connell and McGinnity 2002; =-=Larsen 2005-=-) in order to assess their combined effectiveness or to classify countries according to particular policy mixes. However, even these studies fail to examine TLM stability by distinguishing between lon...

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...onsideration. If only a single event (transition) is taken into account, they do not reflect enough of the transition’s complexity. If more events are included in these models, they become imprecise (=-=Halpin 2003-=-: 7). 19 Further synonyms are “equifinality” or “multiple causation” (cf. King et al. 1994). 15In fact, the innovative potential for TLM analyses could only be used if case studies, regime typologies...

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............. 18s1. Introduction The concept of transitional labour markets (TLMs) serves as the theoretical background for taking a policy-oriented view on labour markets (cf. Schmid 1998; Schmid 2002; =-=Schmid and Schömann 2004-=-; Schmid 2006; Schmid 2008). Given an increasing demand for flexibility and the need to preserve social security in times when traditional full-employment is no longer feasible, this concept encourage...

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... theoretical discussion, it seems helpful to refer to life-course research, where the concepts of ‘trajectory’, ‘transition’, and ‘sequence’ are theoretically distinguished in a plausible manner (cf. =-=Sackmann and Wingens 2003-=-). Operationalisations of empirical transition analyses should be based on an appropriate, theoretically derived definition of the transition concept: transitions need to be distinguished explicitly f...

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...nding, the TLM concept too often analyses different transitions separately and not in relation to each other. 17 For example, even though the transition into retirement has been analysed extensively (=-=Courtioux 2005-=-; Courtioux et al. 2005; Putman 2005), and even in comparative research designs, it has hardly been studied in relation to the initial vocational education system and the further training system, both...

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...rs were counted. 7 In both projects, East Germany is rarely addressed as a separate entity. Depending on the availability of data, Germany was either analysed as a whole (e.g. Detzel and Rubery 2002; =-=Kruppe 2002-=-; Muffels 2005) or only West Germany was considered (e.g. Bothfeld and O’Reilly 2000). A distinct analysis of West and East Germany remained the exception (e.g. Schömann and Becker 2002). 4Figure 1: ...

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...ccumulation of different studies. Hence, it seems appropriate to explore the theoretical core of the TLM concept. The TLM concept’s basic idea relies very much on ‘situational analysis’ (Popper 1972; =-=Popper 1994-=- [1963]). Based on critical rationalism and its falsification principle, situational analysis means the description and explanation of events in consideration of their historical and institutional con...

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...es different transitions separately and not in relation to each other. 17 For example, even though the transition into retirement has been analysed extensively (Courtioux 2005; Courtioux et al. 2005; =-=Putman 2005-=-), and even in comparative research designs, it has hardly been studied in relation to the initial vocational education system and the further training system, both of which constitute certain constra...

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...ed. 7 In both projects, East Germany is rarely addressed as a separate entity. Depending on the availability of data, Germany was either analysed as a whole (e.g. Detzel and Rubery 2002; Kruppe 2002; =-=Muffels 2005-=-) or only West Germany was considered (e.g. Bothfeld and O’Reilly 2000). A distinct analysis of West and East Germany remained the exception (e.g. Schömann and Becker 2002). 4Figure 1: Academic disci...

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... by the individuals themselves and by the policy measures provided. As Schmid states: “[...] the life course is and should be socially constructed and not left to be shaped by economic forces alone” (=-=Schmid 2007-=-: 8). The life-course concept has a larger scope than the TLM concept, making transitions constituent parts of the life course (Heinz and Marshall 2003). Within life course research, the process of de...

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....g. Detzel and Rubery 2002; Kruppe 2002; Muffels 2005) or only West Germany was considered (e.g. Bothfeld and O’Reilly 2000). A distinct analysis of West and East Germany remained the exception (e.g. =-=Schömann and Becker 2002-=-). 4Figure 1: Academic disciplines of participating researchers 1 1 1 5 4 6 10 13 law political science sociology economics TRANSLAM Source: author’s compilation TLM.NET for future TLM research. Sinc...