Citation Context

...ects. Consequently, the statistical models do not provide information about the variance related to the items, and one may question whether their outcomes can truly be generalized across words (e.g., =-=Barr et al., 2013-=-). It is worth noting that several observations in our data suggest that our approach is extremely robust. Firstly, each topographic map revealed by the spatio-temporal segmentation on the grand-avera...

Citation Context

...d reading). The effect appears to be similar with subjective estimates of AoA (e.g., Morrison and Ellis, 1995; Chalard and Bonin, 2006) and with objective measures taken from corpora of child speech (=-=Morrison et al., 1997-=-; Ellis and Morrison, 1998). Reliable effects have also been found when frequency is controlled for (Barry et al., 2001). Some authors have ascribed AoA effects to lexical-semantic encoding stages, re...

Citation Context

...ures (Attneave, 1957; Alario et al., 2004), other studies failed to find differences in response latencies between high and low complexity pictures (Paivio et al., 1989; Snodgrass and Yuditsky, 1996; =-=Barry et al., 1997-=-; Cuetos et al., 1999; Bonin et al., 2002, 2003; Janssen et al., 2011) or reported the opposite effect, i.e., decreased production latencies for more complex pictures (Szekely et al., 2005). Concept f...

Citation Context

...s, i.e., with two subsets of items varying in terms of a specific predictor being compared (e.g., name agreement, Cheng et al., 2010; age of acquisition, Laganaro and Perret, 2011; lexical frequency, =-=Levelt et al., 1998-=-; Strijkers et al., 2010). In the present study, we extend this second approach, by considering most variables described in previous chronometric and ERP studies at once. A similar methodological appr...

Citation Context

...roduction latencies for more complex pictures (Szekely et al., 2005, but see Alario et al., 2004). The effect falls within the P1-N1 range, traditionally associated with visual-conceptual processing (=-=Schendan and Kutas, 2003-=-). Similar results have been reported by Martinovic et al. (2008, Experiment 2) who compared ERPs of pictures with high vs. low visual complexity in a gender decision task. Visual complexity did not a...

Citation Context

...tudies associating behavioral techniques and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with the purpose of mapping the neural substrates of the processing stages involved in word production (e.g., =-=Graves et al., 2007-=-; Wilson et al., 2009). However, www.frontiersin.org December 2014 | Volume 8 | Article 390 | 1 Valente et al. Word predictors effects on topographies fMRI technique lacks the precise temporal resolut...

Citation Context

... al., 2003; Cornelissen et al., 2004; Vihla et al., 2006; Laganaro et al., 2009), implicit naming or metalinguistic tasks (e.g., Thorpe et al., 1996; Van Turennout et al., 1998; Schmitt et al., 2000; =-=Jescheniak et al., 2002-=-; Rodriguez-Fornells et al., 2002; Zhang and Damian, 2009) and, more recently, overt picture naming (see Ganushchak et al., 2011; Strijkers and Costa, 2011 for a critical review of EEG/MEG speech prod...

Citation Context

...endent AoA effects in tasks which did not necessarily involve access to the word form, but rather lexical-semantic processing, such as semantic blocking in picture naming and semantic categorization (=-=Belke et al., 2005-=-; Johnston and Barry, 2005). Other studies converge toward a lexical-phonological locus of AoA. Morrison et al. (1992) found that AoA was a significant predictor of picture naming speed but did not af...

Citation Context

...havioral techniques and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with the purpose of mapping the neural substrates of the processing stages involved in word production (e.g., Graves et al., 2007; =-=Wilson et al., 2009-=-). However, www.frontiersin.org December 2014 | Volume 8 | Article 390 | 1 Valente et al. Word predictors effects on topographies fMRI technique lacks the precise temporal resolution provided by EEG a...

Citation Context

...e the effect of other variables. Thirdly, this methodological approach enables the use of continuous variables rather than categorical ones. As underlined by several researchers (e.g., Balling, 2008; =-=Baayen, 2010-=-), factorial designs have many disadvantages when compared to regression designs, including loss of power and influence of confounding variables. An example of the application of the trial by trial ap...

Citation Context

...nin et al., 2002, but see Snodgrass and Yuditsky, 1996; Barry et al., 1997; Ellis and Morrison, 1998). Some authors attribute the effect of lexical frequency to lexical (lemma) selection (Dell, 1990; =-=Alario et al., 2002-=-; Navarrete et al., 2006) while others attribute it to phonological encoding (Jescheniak and Levelt, 1994; Levelt et al., 1999). Recent research suggests an effect of lexical frequency at both process...

Citation Context

...erent studies (e.g., Alario et al., 2004). On the other hand, ERP studies allow insight into the time periods affected by specific variables, but usually investigated a few variables at a time (e.g., =-=Cheng et al., 2010-=-; Strijkers et al., 2010). A more indirect contribution to this debate is provided by studies associating behavioral techniques and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with the purpose of map...

Citation Context

... study. Models of word production agree on the fact that speakers have to go through a sequence of threemajor cognitive processes before they can articulate the name corresponding to a picture (e.g., =-=Glaser, 1992-=-; Levelt et al., 1999), although different claims are made regarding the dynamics of these encoding processes (Dell, 1986, 1988). The first process involves visual processing and leads to object recog...