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...t instruct the initiation and maintenance of diapause remain unknown. Msx genes are highly conserved across Metazoa from sponges to vertebrates and are considered ancient among homeobox gene families =-=[8]-=-. Our findings provide the first evidence linking Msx1 and Msx2 to the regulation of experimentally induced delayed condition indicate a state of compromised transcriptional repression. This is consis...

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...1/Msx2f/f ) were generated as previously described [7]. Msx1LacZ, Lif2/2 and Pgr-Cre mice were initially provided by Robert Benoit, Phillippe Brulet, and John Lydon and Francesco DeMayo, respectively =-=[7,9,10]-=-. All mice used in this investigation were housed in barrier facilities in the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center’s Animal Care Facility according to National Institutes of Health and insti...

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...uckling, allowing sufficient time to nurse sequential litters. In mice, this stems from heightened levels of pituitary prolactin from the suckling stimulus that attenuates ovarian oestrogen secretion =-=[5,6]-=-; removing this stimulus can trigger blastocyst reactivation (implantation competency) and implantation. This strategy is also present in several diapausing mammals, including the Australian tammar wa...

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...uckling, allowing sufficient time to nurse sequential litters. In mice, this stems from heightened levels of pituitary prolactin from the suckling stimulus that attenuates ovarian oestrogen secretion =-=[5,6]-=-; removing this stimulus can trigger blastocyst reactivation (implantation competency) and implantation. This strategy is also present in several diapausing mammals, including the Australian tammar wa...

Citation Context

...1/Msx2f/f ) were generated as previously described [7]. Msx1LacZ, Lif2/2 and Pgr-Cre mice were initially provided by Robert Benoit, Phillippe Brulet, and John Lydon and Francesco DeMayo, respectively =-=[7,9,10]-=-. All mice used in this investigation were housed in barrier facilities in the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center’s Animal Care Facility according to National Institutes of Health and insti...

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...ving this stimulus can trigger blastocyst reactivation (implantation competency) and implantation. This strategy is also present in several diapausing mammals, including the Australian tammar wallaby =-=[3]-=-. In this case, prolactin is luteostatic, rendering the corpus luteum quiescent and thus inhibiting progesterone (P4) secretion required for uterine secretory activity and reactivation. Removal of the...

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...tocysts in the reproductive tract [11]. In a subset of animals, embryo reactivation was synchronized by daily injection of 1 mg kg21 per day ovine prolactin (Sigma-Aldrich, Oakville, Ontario, Canada) =-=[12]-=- beginning on 21 March and continuing for the following 10 days. The first day of prolactin injection was designated day 0 of embryo reactivation. Uterine horns were collected at days 0 (diapause), 9 ...

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...ing normal pregnancy. The expression is transient, appearing on the morning of day 4 (the day of uterine receptivity) and then being dramatically downregulated approaching implantation and thereafter =-=[7]-=-. By contrast, we show here that Msx1 is highly expressed in the mouse uterine epithelium during embryonic diapause induced by various approaches and becomes undetectable with the initiation of implan...

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...according to usual farm mating practices. Uteri were collected in the delayed state, 7–9 days after the final mating, and diapause confirmed by the occurrence of blastocysts in the reproductive tract =-=[11]-=-. In a subset of animals, embryo reactivation was synchronized by daily injection of 1 mg kg21 per day ovine prolactin (Sigma-Aldrich, Oakville, Ontario, Canada) [12] beginning on 21 March and continu...

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...guidelines. All animal handling and experimentation were approved by the University of Melbourne Animal Experimentation Ethics Committees. Tammar uterine samples were obtained as previously described =-=[13]-=-. Before and during embryonic diapause, the stage of pregnancy was based on the postpartum age of the pouch young (day 0–day 350 postpartum). Females were checked regularly for births, and if the date...