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... exposed to traumatic events,3,4 with some evidence of higher vulnerability in girls than in boys.4 These studies provided the first look at the epidemiology of PTSD in adolescents, but each is limited Author Affiliations: Center for Developmental Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. (REPRINTED) ARCH GEN PSYCHIATRY/ VOL 64, MAY 2007 WWW.ARCHGENPSYCHIATRY.COM 577 ©2007 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. at Duke University, on June 1, 2007 www.archgenpsychiatry.comDownloaded from by 1 of the following issues: (1) reliance on retrospective report, which tends to underestimate levels of traumatic events13-20; (2) use of small samples; or (3) assessment of events and symptoms at a single time point only. The present study examines the role of potentially traumatic events in childhood PTSD and other DSM-IV psychopathology. About one third of the sample participants reported their first event exposure subsequent to the first wave of data collection. This provided a within-subject natural experiment to study predictors of incident exposure to trauma and subsequent PTSD symptoms. The study seeks to answer th...

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...rst look at the epidemiology of PTSD in adolescents, but each is limited Author Affiliations: Center for Developmental Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. (REPRINTED) ARCH GEN PSYCHIATRY/ VOL 64, MAY 2007 WWW.ARCHGENPSYCHIATRY.COM 577 ©2007 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. at Duke University, on June 1, 2007 www.archgenpsychiatry.comDownloaded from by 1 of the following issues: (1) reliance on retrospective report, which tends to underestimate levels of traumatic events13-20; (2) use of small samples; or (3) assessment of events and symptoms at a single time point only. The present study examines the role of potentially traumatic events in childhood PTSD and other DSM-IV psychopathology. About one third of the sample participants reported their first event exposure subsequent to the first wave of data collection. This provided a within-subject natural experiment to study predictors of incident exposure to trauma and subsequent PTSD symptoms. The study seeks to answer the following questions: 1. What is the population prevalence of PTSD and posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms in childhood and adol...

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...0.4% for those exposed to 1 event and 49.6% for children exposed to 2 or more events. Additional breakdowns by type of trauma and type of impairment are available by request from one of us (W.E.C.). RISK FOR PTS SYMPTOMS To test the predictors of PTS symptoms in the presence of a traumatic event, 4 sets of variables were entered into a model: (1) sex and current developmental period (ages 9-13 [childhood] vs 14-16 years [adolescence]); (2) previous emotional and behavioral disorders (anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, and disruptive behavior disorders); (3) previous negative events; and (4) previous environmental, family, and parental risk factors. All predictors except sex and developmental period were assessed 1 year prior to trauma exposure. Results of the logistic analyses are presented in Table 3. Adolescence was a strong predictor of both painful recall and subclinical PTSD, controlling for other predictor variables. Other significant predictors varied across symptom categories. Painful recall was predicted independently by exposure to a previous trauma and being previously diagnosed as having an anxiety disorder. Previous diagnosis with a depressive disorder did not indep...