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RTP profile for audio and video conferences with minimal control
, 2000
"... This document is an Internet-Draft. Internet-Drafts are working ..."
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Cited by 261 (28 self)
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This document is an Internet-Draft. Internet-Drafts are working
Real time streaming protocol (RTSP
, 1998
"... This document is an Internet-Draft. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six ..."
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Cited by 118 (10 self)
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This document is an Internet-Draft. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as “work in progress”. To learn the current status of any Internet-Draft, please check the “1id-abstracts.txt ” listing contained in the Internet-Drafts Shadow Directories on ftp.is.co.za (Africa), nic.nordu.net (Europe), munnari.oz.au (Pacific Rim), ds.internic.net (US East Coast), or ftp.isi.edu (US West Coast). Distribution of this document is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved. This memorandum is a revision of RFC 2326, which is currently a Proposed Standard. The Real Time Streaming Protocol, or RTSP, is an application-level protocol for control over the
Scalable compression and transmission of Internet multicast video
, 1996
"... In just a few years the "Internet Multicast Backbone", or MBone, has risen from a small, research curiosity to a large scale and widely used communications infrastructure. A driving force behind this growth was our development of multipoint audio, video, and shared whiteboard conferencing ..."
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Cited by 106 (4 self)
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In just a few years the "Internet Multicast Backbone", or MBone, has risen from a small, research curiosity to a large scale and widely used communications infrastructure. A driving force behind this growth was our development of multipoint audio, video, and shared whiteboard conferencing applications that are now used daily by the large and growing MBone community. Because these real-time media are transmitted at a uniform rate to all the receivers in the network, the source must either run below the bottleneck rate or overload portions of the multicast distribution tree. In this dissertation, we propose a solution to this problem by moving the burden of rate-adaptation from the source to the receivers with a scheme we call Receiver-driven Layered Multicast, or RLM. In RLM, a source distr...
Toward a Common Infrastructure for Multimedia-Networking Middleware
, 1997
"... Real-time multimedia streams like audio and video are now integral data types in modern programming environments. Although a great deal of research has investigated effective and efficient programming support for manipulating such streams and although the design of digital media "middleware&quo ..."
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Cited by 81 (13 self)
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Real-time multimedia streams like audio and video are now integral data types in modern programming environments. Although a great deal of research has investigated effective and efficient programming support for manipulating such streams and although the design of digital media "middleware" is fairly well understood, no widely available or commonly accepted programming model exists within the research community. We believe this lack of common practice impedes our collective progress because it prevents disparate research groups from easily leveraging each other's work. In this paper, we propose a solution to this problem that combines the best features of a number of existing multimedia toolkits --- Berkeley's Continuous Media Toolkit, MIT's VuSystem, and the LBL/UCB MBone tools --- into a fine-grained, extensible, and highperformance toolkit. We describe the convergence of these three toolkits into a common programming infrastructure and argue that the availability and acceptance of ...
A Multicast User Directory Service for Synchronous Rendezvous
, 1996
"... this document should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the AAUW, AFOSR, ARPA, NSF, or the U.S. government. ..."
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Cited by 59 (3 self)
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this document should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the AAUW, AFOSR, ARPA, NSF, or the U.S. government.
Application Level Active Networking
- Computer Networks
, 1998
"... In this paper we describe and discuss an Application Level Active Network system. This system provides the benefits of proposed Active Networks, including rapid and transparent deployment of new network services. However our system is also relatively free of the problems of router-level Active Netwo ..."
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Cited by 44 (1 self)
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In this paper we describe and discuss an Application Level Active Network system. This system provides the benefits of proposed Active Networks, including rapid and transparent deployment of new network services. However our system is also relatively free of the problems of router-level Active Network deployment, such as concerns over safety and resource management. We describe our overall architecture and its components. We then describe and discuss an implementation of the architecture in Java. We present a number of applications that have been implemented on the architecture, and indicate the benefits of our approach. Key words: Active Networks, Active Services, Dynamic Proxy Server, Proxylets 1 Introduction Currently the deployment of new communication services is limited by the slowness of standardisation processes and the inflexibility of the communications infrastructure. Recently an approach to overcoming these problems has been proposed in the form of Active Networks (AN) ...
Delving into internet streaming media delivery: A quality and resource utilization perspective
- in Internet Measurement Conference Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCOMM on Internet measurement
, 2006
"... Modern Internet streaming services have utilized various techniques to improve the quality of streaming media delivery. Despite the characterization of media access patterns and user behaviors in many measurement studies, few studies have focused on the streaming techniques themselves, particularly ..."
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Cited by 41 (6 self)
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Modern Internet streaming services have utilized various techniques to improve the quality of streaming media delivery. Despite the characterization of media access patterns and user behaviors in many measurement studies, few studies have focused on the streaming techniques themselves, particularly on the quality of streaming experiences they offer end users and on the resources of the media systems that they consume. In order to gain insights into current streaming services and thus provide guidance on designing resource-efficient and high quality streaming media systems, we have collected a large streaming media workload from thousands of broadband home users and business users hosted by a major ISP, and analyzed the most commonly used streaming techniques such as automatic protocol switch, Fast Streaming, MBR encoding and rate adaptation. Our measurement and analysis results show that with these techniques, current streaming systems tend to over-utilize CPU and bandwidth resources to provide better services to end users, which may not be a desirable and effective way to improve the quality of streaming media delivery. Motivated by these results, we propose and evaluate a coordination mechanism that effectively takes advantage of both Fast Streaming and rate adaptation to better utilize the server and Internet resources for streaming quality improvement.
Signaling for Internet Telephony
- in International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP
, 1998
"... Internet telephony must offer the standard telephony services. However, the transition to Internet-based telephony services also provides an opportunity to create new services more rapidly and with lower complexity than in the existing public switched telephone network (PSTN). The Session Initiation ..."
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Cited by 41 (8 self)
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Internet telephony must offer the standard telephony services. However, the transition to Internet-based telephony services also provides an opportunity to create new services more rapidly and with lower complexity than in the existing public switched telephone network (PSTN). The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a signaling protocol that creates, modifies and terminates associations between Internet end systems, including conferences and point-to-point calls. SIP supports unicast, mesh and multicast conferences, as well as combinations of these modes. SIP implements services such as call forwarding and transfer, placing calls on hold, camp-on and call queueing by a small set of call handling primitives. SIP implementations can re-use parts of other Internet service protocols such as HTTP and the Real-Time Stream Protocol (RTSP). In this paper, we describe SIP, and show how its basic primitives can be used to construct a wide range of telephony services. 1. Introduction Internet ...
Personal Mobility for Multimedia Services in the Internet
, 1995
"... Personal mobility is one of the goals of Universal Personal Telecommunications (UPT) being specified for future deployment. Most current efforts focus on telephony, with SS7 signaling. However, many of the same goals can be accomplished for multimedia services, by using existing Internet protocols ..."
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Cited by 38 (5 self)
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Personal mobility is one of the goals of Universal Personal Telecommunications (UPT) being specified for future deployment. Most current efforts focus on telephony, with SS7 signaling. However, many of the same goals can be accomplished for multimedia services, by using existing Internet protocols. We describe a multimedia call/conference setup protocol that provides personal videophone addresses, independent of the workstation a called party might be using at the time. The system is set up to use the existing Internet email address as a videophone address. Location and call handling information is kept at the subscriber's home site for improved access and privacy. 1 Introduction The use of multimedia has progressed from stand-alone applications, to point-to-point, mostly local applications such as video-on-demand or LAN-based video conferencing. Across the wide-area, low-bandwidth circuit-switched teleconferencing (such as those using the H.320 standard) are spreading, as well...
A comprehensive multimedia control architecture for the Internet”. International Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video
- 39] The seventh International Workshop on Feature Interactions in Telecommunication and Software Systems. http://www.site.uottawa.ca/fiw03. [40] P. Zave. “FAQ Sheet on Feature Interaction”, http://www.research.att.com/ ~pamela/faq.html
, 1997
"... The Internet and intranets have been used to deliver continuous media, both stored and live, for a number of years. Most of the attention has focused on providing guaranteed quality of service (RSVP) and end-to-end data transport (RTP), with every application using its own control protocol. In this ..."
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Cited by 38 (6 self)
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The Internet and intranets have been used to deliver continuous media, both stored and live, for a number of years. Most of the attention has focused on providing guaranteed quality of service (RSVP) and end-to-end data transport (RTP), with every application using its own control protocol. In this paper, we describe a control architecture that offers most standard advanced telephony features and integrates stored and conference multimedia. The protocol re-uses much of the “infrastructure ” of HTTP, including its security and proxy mechanisms. The architecture is instantiated by two related, but independent protocols: the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for inviting participants to a multimedia session and the Real-Time Stream Protocol (RTSP) to control playback and recording for stored continuous media. 1