A formal specification model for hardware/software codesign (1993)

by M Chiodo, P Giusto, H Hsieh, A Jurecska, L Lavagno, A Sangiovanni-Vincentelli
Results 1 - 10 of 35

Conversation Protocols: A Formalism for Specification and Verification of Reactive Electronic Services

by Xiang Fu, Tevfik Bultan, Jianwen Su - In Proc. Int. Conf. on Implementation and Application of Automata (CIAA , 2004
"... This paper focuses on the realizability problem of a framework for modeling and specifying the global behaviors of reactive electronic services (e-services). In this framework, Web accessible programs (peers) communicate by asynchronous message passing, and a virtual global watcher silently listens ..."
Abstract - Cited by 90 (19 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper focuses on the realizability problem of a framework for modeling and specifying the global behaviors of reactive electronic services (e-services). In this framework, Web accessible programs (peers) communicate by asynchronous message passing, and a virtual global watcher silently listens to the network. The global behavior is characterized by a "conversation", which is the infinite sequence of messages observed by the watcher. We show that given a Buchi automaton specifying the desired set of conversations, called a "conversation protocol", it is possible to realize the protocol using a set of finite state peers if three realizability conditions are satisfied. In particular, the synthesized peers will conform to the protocol by generating only those conversations specified by the protocol. Our results enable a top-down verification strategy where (1) A conversation protocol is specified by a realizable Buchi automaton, (2) The properties of the protocol are verified on the Buchi automaton specification, and (3) The peer implementations are synthesized from the protocol via projection.
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Synthesis of software programs for embedded control applications

by Felice Balarin, Massimiliano Chiodo, Paolo Giusto, Harry Hsieh, Attila Jurecska, Luciano Lavagno, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Ellen M. Sentovich, Kei Suzuki - IEEE TRANS. CAD , 1999
"... Software components for embedded reactive real-time applications must satisfy tight code size and runtime constraints. Cooperating finite state machines provide a convenient intermediate format for embedded system co-synthesis, between high-level specification languages and software or hardware impl ..."
Abstract - Cited by 66 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Software components for embedded reactive real-time applications must satisfy tight code size and runtime constraints. Cooperating finite state machines provide a convenient intermediate format for embedded system co-synthesis, between high-level specification languages and software or hardware implementations. We propose a software generation methodology that takes advantage of a restricted class of specifications and allows for tight control over the implementation cost. The methodology exploits several techniques from the domain of Boolean function optimization. We also describe how the simplified control/data-flow graph used as an intermediate representation can be used to accurately estimate the size and timing cost of the final executable code.
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SHIM: A Deterministic Model for Heterogeneous Embedded Systems

by Stephen A. Edwards, Olivier Tardieu - EMSOFT , 2005
"... Typical embedded hardware/software systems are implemented using a combination of C and an HDL such as Verilog. While each is well-behaved in isolation, combining the two gives a nondeterministic model whose ultimate behavior must be validated through expensive (cycle-accurate) simulation. We propos ..."
Abstract - Cited by 54 (11 self) - Add to MetaCart
Typical embedded hardware/software systems are implemented using a combination of C and an HDL such as Verilog. While each is well-behaved in isolation, combining the two gives a nondeterministic model whose ultimate behavior must be validated through expensive (cycle-accurate) simulation. We propose an alternative for describing such systems. Our SHIM (software/hardware integration medium) model, effectively Kahn networks with rendezvous communication, provides deterministic concurrency. We present the Tiny-SHIM language for such systems and its semantics, demonstrate how to implement it in hardware and software, and discuss how it can be used to model a real-world system. By providing a powerful, deterministic formalism for expressing systems, designing systems and verifying their correctness will become easier.
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The semantics and execution of a synchronous blockdiagram language

by Stephen A. Edwards, Edward A. Lee - Science of Computer Programming
"... We present a new block diagram language for describing synchronous software. It coordinates the execution of synchronous, concurrent software modules, allowing real-time systems to be assembled from precompiled blocks specified in other languages. The semantics we present, based on fixed points, is ..."
Abstract - Cited by 48 (21 self) - Add to MetaCart
We present a new block diagram language for describing synchronous software. It coordinates the execution of synchronous, concurrent software modules, allowing real-time systems to be assembled from precompiled blocks specified in other languages. The semantics we present, based on fixed points, is deterministic even in the presence of instantaneous feedback. The execution policy develops a static schedule—a fixed order in which to execute the blocks that makes the system execution predictable. We present exact and heuristic algorithms for finding schedules that minimize system execution time, and show that good schedules can be found quickly. The scheduling algorithms are applicable to other problems where large systems of equations need to be solved.
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Modeling methodology for integrated simulation of embedded systems

by Akos Ledeczi, James Davis, Eep Neema, Aditya Agrawal - ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation , 2003
"... Abstract. Developing a single embedded application involves a multitude of different development tools including several different simulators. Most tools use different abstractions, have their own formalisms to represent the system under development, utilize different input and output data formats a ..."
Abstract - Cited by 28 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract. Developing a single embedded application involves a multitude of different development tools including several different simulators. Most tools use different abstractions, have their own formalisms to represent the system under development, utilize different input and output data formats and have their own semantics. A unified environment that allows capturing the system in one place and one that drives all necessary simulators and analysis tools from this shared representation needs a common representation technology that must support several different abstractions and formalisms seamlessly. Describing the individual formalisms by metamodels and carefully composing them is the underlying technology behind MILAN, a Model-based Integrated Simulation Framework. MILAN is an extensible framework that supports multi-granular simulation of embedded systems by seamlessly integrating existing simulators into a unified environment. Formal metamodels and explicit constraints define the domain-specific modeling language developed for MILAN that combines hierarchical, heterogeneous, parametric dataflow representation with strong data typing. Multiple modeling aspects separate orthogonal concepts. The language also allows the representation of the design space of the application, not just a point solution. Non-functional requirements are captured as formal, application-specific constraints. MILAN has integrated tool support for design-space exploration and pruning. The models are used to automatically configure the integrated functional simulators, high level performance and power estimators, cycle accurate performance simulators and power-aware simulators. Simulation results are used to automatically update the system models. The paper focuses on the modeling methodology and briefly describes how the integrated models are utilized in the framework. 1

Formal Verification of Embedded Systems based on CFSM Networks

by Felice Balarin, Harry Hsieh, Attila Jurecska, Luciano Lavagno, Attila Jurecska Magneti Marelli , 1996
"... Both timing and functional properties are essential to characterize the correct behavior of an embedded system. Verification is in general performed either by simulation, or by bread-boarding. Given the safety requirements of such systems, a formal proof that the properties are indeed satisfied is h ..."
Abstract - Cited by 23 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Both timing and functional properties are essential to characterize the correct behavior of an embedded system. Verification is in general performed either by simulation, or by bread-boarding. Given the safety requirements of such systems, a formal proof that the properties are indeed satisfied is highly desirable. In this paper, we present a formal verification methodology for embedded systems. The formal model for the behavior of the system used in POLIS is a network of Codesign Finite State Machines. This model is translated into automata, and verified using automatatheoretic techniques. An industrial embedded system is verified using the methodology. We demonstrate that abstractions and separation of timing and functionality is crucial for the successful use of formal verification for this example. We also show that in POLIS abstractions and separation of timing and functionality can be done by simple syntactic modification of the representation of the system.

Specification and design of reactive systems

by Bilung Lee , 2000
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Abstract - Cited by 14 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
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A Survey on Hardware/Software Codesign Representation Models

by Luis Alejandro Cortes, Luis Alej, Ro Corts, Petru Eles, Zebo Peng , 1999
"... In hardware/software codesign, modeling is a very important issue. The model must capture the features of the system and describe its functionality. The design cycle must be based on formal representations so that the synthesis of a design from specification to implementation can be carried out syst ..."
Abstract - Cited by 13 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
In hardware/software codesign, modeling is a very important issue. The model must capture the features of the system and describe its functionality. The design cycle must be based on formal representations so that the synthesis of a design from specification to implementation can be carried out systematically. Many models have been proposed for representing HW/SW systems. This report is the result of a survey on hardware/software codesign representation models. It relates the characteristics of several existing models and compares their properties. This work is encompassed in the SAVE project, which aims to study the specification and verification of heterogeneous electronic systems. The main objective of this survey is to explore the field of modeling of heterogeneous systems.

Multiobjective Synthesis of Low-Power Real-Time Distributed Embedded Systems

by Robert P. Dick , 2002
"... This dissertation presents methods for automating the synthesis of embedded systems, i.e., special-purpose computers. In addition, it describes a method for analyzing the manner in which real-time operating system use influences embedded system power consumption. ..."
Abstract - Cited by 13 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
This dissertation presents methods for automating the synthesis of embedded systems, i.e., special-purpose computers. In addition, it describes a method for analyzing the manner in which real-time operating system use influences embedded system power consumption.
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IP-centric methodology and design with the SpecC language

by Daniel D. Gajski, Rainer Domer, Jianwen Zhu - NATO-ASI Workshop on System Level Synthesis. Il Ciocco , 1998
"... In this paper, we demonstrate the application of the specify-explorere ne (SER) paradigm for an IP-centric codesign of embedded systems. We describe the necessary design tasks required to map an abstract executable speci cation of the system to the architectural implementation model. We also describ ..."
Abstract - Cited by 10 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
In this paper, we demonstrate the application of the specify-explorere ne (SER) paradigm for an IP-centric codesign of embedded systems. We describe the necessary design tasks required to map an abstract executable speci cation of the system to the architectural implementation model. We also describe the nal and intermediate models generated as a result of these design tasks. The executable speci cation and its re nements should support easy insertion and reuse of IPs. Although several languages are currently used for system design, none of them completely meets the unique requirements of system modelling with support for IP reuse. This paper discusses the requirements and objectives for system languages and describes a C-based language called SpecC, which precisely covers these requirements in an orthogonal manner. Finally, we describe the design environment which is based on our codesign methodology. 1.