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29
Ontological Semantics
, 2004
"... This book introduces ontological semantics, a comprehensive approach to the treatment of text meaning by computer. Ontological semantics is an integrated complex of theories, methodologies, descriptions and implementations. In ontological semantics, a theory is viewed as a set of statements determin ..."
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Cited by 128 (38 self)
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This book introduces ontological semantics, a comprehensive approach to the treatment of text meaning by computer. Ontological semantics is an integrated complex of theories, methodologies, descriptions and implementations. In ontological semantics, a theory is viewed as a set of statements determining the format of descriptions of the phenomena with which the theory deals. A theory is associated with a methodology used to obtain the descriptions. Implementations are computer systems that use the descriptions to solve specific problems in text processing. Implementations of ontological semantics are combined with other processing systems to produce applications, such as information extraction or machine translation. The theory of ontological semantics is built as a society of microtheories covering such diverse ground as specific language phenomena, world knowledge organization, processing heuristics and issues relating to knowledge representation and implementation system architecture. The theory briefly sketched above is a top-level microtheory, the ontological semantics theory per se. Descriptions in ontological semantics include text meaning representations, lexical entries, ontological concepts and instances as well as procedures for manipulating texts and their meanings. Methodologies in ontological semantics are sets of techniques and instructions for acquiring and
Ten Choices for Lexical Semantics
, 1996
"... The modern computational lexical semantics reached a point in its development when it has become necessary to define the premises and goals of each of its several trends. This paper proposes ten choices in terms of which these premises and goals can be discussed. It is argued that the central que ..."
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Cited by 15 (8 self)
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The modern computational lexical semantics reached a point in its development when it has become necessary to define the premises and goals of each of its several trends. This paper proposes ten choices in terms of which these premises and goals can be discussed. It is argued that the central questions include the use of lexical rules for generating word senses; the role of syntax, pragmatics, and formal semantics in the specification of lexical meaning; the use of a world model, or ontology, as the organizing principle for lexical-semantic descriptions; the use of rules with limited scope; the relation between static and dynamic resources; the commitment to descriptive coverage; the trade-off between generalization and idiosyncracy; and, finally, the adherence to the "supply-side" (method-oriented) or "demand-side" (task-oriented) ideology of research. The discussion is inspired by, but not limited to, the comparison between the generative lexicon approach and the ontologi...
Understanding Natural Language Descriptions of Physical Phenomena
, 2004
"... The fact that human readers can learn about the physical world from textual descriptions leads to a number of interesting questions about the connections between our conceptual understanding of the physical world and how it is reflected in natural language. This thesis investigates some forms in whi ..."
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Cited by 13 (1 self)
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The fact that human readers can learn about the physical world from textual descriptions leads to a number of interesting questions about the connections between our conceptual understanding of the physical world and how it is reflected in natural language. This thesis investigates some forms in which information about physical phenomena is typically expressed in natural language and how this knowledge can be used to construct models of the underlying physical processes. Based on an analysis of the representations of physical quantities in natural language and common, reoccurring syntactic patterns, we implemented a system that uses Qualitative Process (QP) Theory to guide the semantic interpretation process to capture information about physical phenomena found in natural language text. We have recast QP Theory in terms of frame semantics as FrameNet-compatible representations (QP frames) and use an extendable, controlled subset of English to capture QP specific information from natural language descriptions. In addition to general background knowledge based on a subset of the Cyc knowledge base and the lexical information supplied by a syntactic parser, the semantics of QP Theory are used in rules that guide the semantic interpretation process and the construction of QP Frames. The thesis illustrates that QP Theory, as an established theoretical framework for handling continuous parameters and causation, can provide an essential component of
Syntactic information hiding in plain text
- Master’s thesis
, 2001
"... I declare that this dissertation has not been submitted as an exercise for a degree at this or any other university and that is entirely my own work. I agree that the Library may lend or copy this dissertation on request. ..."
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Cited by 10 (2 self)
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I declare that this dissertation has not been submitted as an exercise for a degree at this or any other university and that is entirely my own work. I agree that the Library may lend or copy this dissertation on request.
Adjectival Modification in Text Meaning Represention
- Proceedings of COLING ’96
, 1996
"... Tiffs work belongs to a family of research efforts, called nficrotheories and aimed at describing the static inemfing of all lexical categories in several languages in the fr,'unework of tile MikroKosmos project on computational semantics. The latter also involves other static microtheories des ..."
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Cited by 10 (2 self)
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Tiffs work belongs to a family of research efforts, called nficrotheories and aimed at describing the static inemfing of all lexical categories in several languages in the fr,'unework of tile MikroKosmos project on computational semantics. The latter also involves other static microtheories describ-ing world kalowledge and syntax-semantics map-ping as well as dynamic microtheories comlected with the actual process of text analysis. Tiffs pa-per describes our approach to detecting,'rod re-cording adjectival meaning, compares it with the body of kalowledge on adjectives in literature and presents a detailed, practically tested methodolo-gy for the acquisition of lexical entries for adjec-fives. The work was based on the set of over 6,000 English and about 1,500 Spanish adjectives obtained from task-oriented corpora.
Adjective based inference
- IN PROCEEDINGS OF KRAQ’06 (KNOWLEDGE AND REASONING FOR ANSWERING QUESTIONS
, 2006
"... In this paper, we propose a fine grained classification of english adjectives geared at modeling the distinct inference patterns licensed by each adjective class. We show how it can be implemented in description logic and illustrate the predictions made by a series of examples. The proposal has been ..."
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Cited by 9 (3 self)
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In this paper, we propose a fine grained classification of english adjectives geared at modeling the distinct inference patterns licensed by each adjective class. We show how it can be implemented in description logic and illustrate the predictions made by a series of examples. The proposal has been implemented using Description logic as a semantic representation language and the prediction verified using the DL theorem prover RACER.
The Description of Adjectives for Natural Language Processing: Theoretical and Applied Perspectives
"... Adjectives constitute a challenging issue for NLP applications. From a syntactic viewpoint, they can be predicative or attributive. From a semantic viewpoint, their sense can vary depending on the context in which they appear. In this paper we present an overview on the lexical semantics of adjectiv ..."
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Cited by 9 (0 self)
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Adjectives constitute a challenging issue for NLP applications. From a syntactic viewpoint, they can be predicative or attributive. From a semantic viewpoint, their sense can vary depending on the context in which they appear. In this paper we present an overview on the lexical semantics of adjectives in Natural Language Processing, followed by the presentation of the papers included in this proceeding.
Acquisition of semantic classes for adjectives from distributional evidence
, 2004
"... All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. ..."
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Cited by 8 (1 self)
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All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
The treatment of adjectives in SIMPLE: Theoretical observations
- In LREC. European Language Resources Association
, 2000
"... This paper discusses the issues that play a part in the characterization of adjectival meaning. It describes the SIMPLE ontology for adjectives and provides insight into the morphological, syntactic and semantic aspects that are included in the SIMPLE adjectival templates. 1. ..."
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Cited by 8 (0 self)
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This paper discusses the issues that play a part in the characterization of adjectival meaning. It describes the SIMPLE ontology for adjectives and provides insight into the morphological, syntactic and semantic aspects that are included in the SIMPLE adjectival templates. 1.
A Bootstrapping Approach to Automatic Annotation of Functional Information to Adjectives with an Application to German
- In Proceedings of the Third International Conference On Language Resources And Evaluation (LREC2003
, 2002
"... We present an approach to automatic classification of adjectives in German with respect to a range functional categories. The approach makes use of the grammatical evidence that (i) the functional category of an adjectival modifier determines its relative ordering in an NP, and (ii) only modifiers t ..."
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We present an approach to automatic classification of adjectives in German with respect to a range functional categories. The approach makes use of the grammatical evidence that (i) the functional category of an adjectival modifier determines its relative ordering in an NP, and (ii) only modifiers that belong to the same category may appear together in a coordination. The coordination context algorithm is discussed in detail. Experiments carried out with this algorithm are described and an evaluation of the experiments is presented.
