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...odel of timed automata − TA [1]. A number of methods for testing realtime systems based on variants of the above model (or other similar models such as timed Petri nets) have been proposed (e.g., see =-=[14, 21, 25, 30, 41, 44, 42, 18, 33, 29, 38, 17]-=-). However, these methods present one or both of the following two limitations. First, only restricted subclasses of timed automata are considered, thus limiting the expressiveness of specifications. ...

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...bservable action, resulting in a more discriminating relation. It is debatable whether the same abstraction is reasonable in real-time systems. Briones et al. have proposed relations that allows this =-=[12]-=-, see also the discussion in Section 6.1. Our relation takes the view that only finite progress of time can be observed in a real-time system. Thus, rtiocoe offers the notion of time-bounded (finite) ...

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...s are necessary to come up with a theoretical foundation of such an integration. One promising candidate here is the combination of functional models like STSs with concepts known from timed automata =-=[2,5]-=-. Having in place the Puppet testbed, a suitable test suite must be generated. This task is out of the scope of Puppet, but the framework already gives indications on how this could be achieved. Obtai...

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...bedding timing constraints into the model are mandatory means in certain application areas. Recent research activities have produced first promising results in dealing with these extensions, see e.g. =-=[7]-=-. In our setting we are interested in testing based on automata allowing for a symbolic treatment of data, meaning that one can specify using data of different types, guarded transitions, and so on. T...

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...1. Introduction Timed automata (TA) [2] has been widely adopted as formalisms for real-time systems that are safety-/mission/economic- critical. A considerable proportion of the realtime testing work =-=[12, 20, 14, 13, 19, 17, 6, 15]-=- use TA or timed transition systems to model the systems. To enable conformance testing, these work build their implementation relations on top of e.g. trace equivalence [12, 20] or the ioco conforman...

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...ertain sequence of inputs, but also on when the outputs occur, given a certain sequence of inputs applied at predefined times. Our approach is influenced by, although independent of, the tioco theory =-=[6]-=-, an extension of ioco to realtime testing. Whereas the tioco theory provides a formal framework for timed testing, we describe in this paper an algorithmic approach to real-time testing, inspired by ...

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...t conformance test theory for discrete event systems; it led to the test tool TorX [11], which has been successfully applied in several industrial settings. Recently, extensions for real-time systems =-=[2, 6, 7]-=- and extensions for systems with data [4, 5] were proposed. In this report we present an input-output conformance test theory for hybrid systems. We start from the assumption that the specification is...

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...ating tests for uncontrollable realtime systems. Related work. There are much work on model-based conformance black-box testing of real-time systems based on TA or Timed Transition Systems [14][7][11]=-=[4]-=- [9][8]. For the sake of testability, some of them assume that the TA are controllable in the sense that it should be possible for an environment to drive a TA through all of its transitions [14]. Thi...