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16
Brahms: Simulating Practice for Work Systems Design
, 1998
"... actually gets done, especially how people involve each other in their work. In particular, a model of practice reveals how people accomplish a collaboration through multiple and alternative means of communication, such as meetings, computer tools, and written documents. Choices of what and how t ..."
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Cited by 117 (62 self)
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actually gets done, especially how people involve each other in their work. In particular, a model of practice reveals how people accomplish a collaboration through multiple and alternative means of communication, such as meetings, computer tools, and written documents. Choices of what and how to communicate are dependent upon social beliefs and behaviors---what people know about each other's activities, intentions, and capabilities and their understanding of the norms of the group. As a result, Brahms models can help human---computer system designers to understand how tasks and information actually flow between people and machines, what work is required to synchronize individual contributions, and how tools hinder or help this process. In particular, workflow diagrams generated by Brahms are the emergent product of local interactions between agents and representational artifacts, not pre-ordained, end-to-end p
Meta-knowledge in systems design: panacea...or undelivered promise
- The Knowledge Engineering Review
, 2000
"... In this study we present a review of the emerging field of meta-knowledge components as practised over the past decade among a variety of practitioners. We use the artificially-defined term ‘meta-knowledge ’ to encompass all those different but overlapping notions used by the Artificial Intelligence ..."
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Cited by 8 (4 self)
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In this study we present a review of the emerging field of meta-knowledge components as practised over the past decade among a variety of practitioners. We use the artificially-defined term ‘meta-knowledge ’ to encompass all those different but overlapping notions used by the Artificial Intelligence and Software Engineering communities to represent reusable modelling frameworks: ontologies, problem-solving methods, experience factories and experience bases, patterns, to name a few. We then elaborate on how meta-knowledge is deployed in the context of system’s design to improve its reliability by consistency checking, enhance its reuse potential, and manage its knowledge sharing. We speculate on its usefulness and explore technologies for supporting deployment of meta-knowledge. We argue that, despite the different approaches being followed in systems design by divergent communities, meta-knowledge is present in all cases, in a tacit or explicit form, and its utilisation depends on pragmatic aspects which we try to identify and critically review on criteria of effectiveness.
hQkb- The High Quality Knowledge Base Initiative (Sisyphus V: Learning Design Assessment Knowledge)
- Proceedings of KAW'99 http://sern.ucalgary.ca/KSI/KAW/KAW99/papers.html
, 1999
"... Previous attempts to evaluate different KEng techniques have labored under at least four difficulties: (1) lack of objective measures of success; (2) lack of success measures that are meaningful to the KBS user community; (3) lack of baseline values to make measurements meaningful; and (4) certain ..."
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Cited by 7 (3 self)
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Previous attempts to evaluate different KEng techniques have labored under at least four difficulties: (1) lack of objective measures of success; (2) lack of success measures that are meaningful to the KBS user community; (3) lack of baseline values to make measurements meaningful; and (4) certain restrictions in the range of technologies assessed. In this paper, an accessible theory of knowledge engineering is presented: a good KEng-product offers high quality support for a design&learn loop. The high quality knowledge base initiative (hQkb) operationalizes that theory, plus some objective measures of system quality. The hQkb evaluation will be focused on external quality attributes (e.g. predictability, survivability, adaptability) of a wide range of techniques. To ensure objectivity, these quality attributes would be evaluated using specially hired verification and validation consultants. 1 Introduction Figure 1: The hQkb logo: any software system should clearly record its...
Signposting: An AI approach to supporting human decision making
- in design,” presented at the ASME Comput. Eng. Conf., Baltimore, MD, 2000, Paper CIE-14617
, 2000
"... Artificial intelligence provides powerful techniques for formalising the art of engineering problem solving: for modelling products, describing task structures, and representing problem solving expertise as inference knowledge and control knowledge. Signposting systems extend the scope of these meth ..."
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Cited by 7 (2 self)
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Artificial intelligence provides powerful techniques for formalising the art of engineering problem solving: for modelling products, describing task structures, and representing problem solving expertise as inference knowledge and control knowledge. Signposting systems extend the scope of these methods beyond automatic design by using them to provide both information and guidance for decisionmaking by human designers. This paper outlines the application of AI methods according to cognitive engineering considerations, to the development of knowledge management tools for engineering design. These tools go beyond conventional knowledge management and decision support approaches by supplying both inference knowledge and strategic problem solving knowledge to the user, as well as information about the state of the design. By focusing on tasks and on the dependencies between design parameters, signposting systems support contingent and flexible organisation of activities. Such tools can support product modelling, design process planning and capturing expert design knowledge, in a form that can be used directly to guide the organisation of design activities and the performance of individual tasks. A key element of this approach is the incremental acquisition of product models, task structures and problem solving knowledge by defining variant cases. 1
OPJK modeling methodology
- in Proceedings of the ICAIL Workshop: LOAIT
, 2005
"... In the legal domain, ontologies enjoy quite some reputation as a way to model normative knowledge about laws and jurisprudence. Several methods have been used and are well-known qua ontological methods. However, no previous attempt to construct ontologies based on professional knowledge exists, capt ..."
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Cited by 3 (0 self)
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In the legal domain, ontologies enjoy quite some reputation as a way to model normative knowledge about laws and jurisprudence. Several methods have been used and are well-known qua ontological methods. However, no previous attempt to construct ontologies based on professional knowledge exists, capturing judicial practical expertise. This paper shows the preliminary ontology development for the second version of the prototype Iuriservice, a web based intelligent FAQ for judicial use, containing a repository of professional judicial knowledge. The iFAQ system will focus on such knowledge and will base on OPLK —Ontology of Professional Legal Knowledge — developed by UAB. Profesional Legal Knowledge refers to the core of professional work that contains the experience of the daily treatment of cases and is unevenly distributed within individuals as a result of their professional and personal experiences. The knowledge acquisition process has been based on an ethnographic process designed by the UAB team and the Spanish School of the Judiciary within the national SEC project, to efficiently obtain useful and representative information from questionnaire-based interviews. Nearly 800 competency questions have been extracted from these interviews and the ontology is being modelled from the selection of relevant terms. Regarding ontology modelling issues, we have followed the DILIGENT argumentation methodology to control the discussion and trace the arguments used in favor or against the introduction of a concept X as part of the domain ontology. This paper presents the preliminary Ontology of Professional Judicial Knowledge (OPJK) that has been extracted manually from the selection of relevant terms from nearly 200 competency questions and affirms that the modelling of this professional judicial knowledge demands the description of this knowledge as it is perceived by the judge and the abandonment of dogmatic legal categorizations. 1.
Knowledge Re-Use As Engineering Re-Use: Extracting Values From Knowledge Management
"... This paper presents a knowledge-sharing framework for achieving effective knowledge reuse within industrial organisations. This knowledge re-use paradigm goes beyond traditional engineering re-use which focuses solely on re-applying tangible resources such as hardware components, software obje ..."
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Cited by 3 (0 self)
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This paper presents a knowledge-sharing framework for achieving effective knowledge reuse within industrial organisations. This knowledge re-use paradigm goes beyond traditional engineering re-use which focuses solely on re-applying tangible resources such as hardware components, software objects or information repositories in new situations. The Knowledge-Sharing Management (KSM) framework describes how managers can align knowledge management strategy with corporate core competence strategy by articulating the values and risks of knowledge re-use. A general knowledge-sharing process is abstracted into a five-stage process model (adoption, adaptation, absorption, integration, dissemination), supported by four pillar components (organisational infrastructure, actor, technological enabler, sharing channel), which together guide the design of the work environment and processes by integrating the concept of effective knowledge reuse. 1
Issues with MetaKnowledge
- International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering(to appear
, 2000
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Towards Continuous Knowledge Engineering
, 2000
"... Continuous Knowledge Engineering is an alternative approach to knowledge engineering that embraces the philosophy that knowledge systems are open-ended, dynamic artefacts that develop through a learning process in reaction to their environment. ..."
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Cited by 2 (1 self)
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Continuous Knowledge Engineering is an alternative approach to knowledge engineering that embraces the philosophy that knowledge systems are open-ended, dynamic artefacts that develop through a learning process in reaction to their environment.
European projects:
"... a board member, and Mercedes Blazquez is a Researcher, all with Intelligent Software Components SA, Madrid, Spain. Funded by the National and ..."
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a board member, and Mercedes Blazquez is a Researcher, all with Intelligent Software Components SA, Madrid, Spain. Funded by the National and
Intelligent Systems Using ontologies to support and
"... Supporting decision making in the working environment has long being pursued by practitioners across a variety of fields, ranging from sociology and operational research to cognitive and computer scientists. A number of computer-supported systems and various technologies have been used over the year ..."
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Supporting decision making in the working environment has long being pursued by practitioners across a variety of fields, ranging from sociology and operational research to cognitive and computer scientists. A number of computer-supported systems and various technologies have been used over the years, but as we move into more global and flexible organisational structures, new technologies and challenges arise. In this paper, I argue for an ontology-based solution and present some of the early prototypes we have been developing, assess their impact on the decision making process and elaborate on the costs involved.
