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85
An adaptive communication architecture for wireless sensor networks
- in Proceedings of the Fifth ACM Conference on Networked Embedded Sensor Systems (SenSys 2007
, 2007
"... As sensor networks move towards increasing heterogeneity, the number of link layers, MAC protocols, and underlying transportation mechanisms increases. System developers must adapt their applications and systems to accommodate a wide range of underlying protocols and mechanisms. However, existing co ..."
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Cited by 66 (15 self)
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As sensor networks move towards increasing heterogeneity, the number of link layers, MAC protocols, and underlying transportation mechanisms increases. System developers must adapt their applications and systems to accommodate a wide range of underlying protocols and mechanisms. However, existing communication architectures for sensor networks are not designed for this heterogeneity and therefore the system developer must redevelop their systems for each underlying communication protocol or mechanism. To remedy this situation, we present a communication architecture that adapts to a wide range of underlying communication mechanisms, from the MAC layer to the transport layer, without requiring any changes to applications or protocols. We show that the architecture is expressive enough to accommodate typical sensor network protocols. Measurements show that the increase in execution time over a non-adaptive architecture is small. Dis-
OCALA: An Architecture for Supporting Legacy Applications over Overlays
"... The ever increasing demand of new applications has led researchers to propose new network architectures that address limitations of the current Internet. Given the rigidity of the Internet today, overlay networks are used to implement such architectures, in the hope of gaining a large user base. Des ..."
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Cited by 44 (4 self)
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The ever increasing demand of new applications has led researchers to propose new network architectures that address limitations of the current Internet. Given the rigidity of the Internet today, overlay networks are used to implement such architectures, in the hope of gaining a large user base. Despite sustained efforts to test and deploy new network architectures (on testbeds such as Planetlab), few of these efforts have attracted a significant number of users. We believe that chances of user acceptance of overlays, and eventually new network architectures, will be substantially improved by enabling users to leverage their functionality without any modifications to their applications and operating systems. In this paper, we present our design, implementation, and experience with OCALA, an overlay convergence architecture that achieves this goal. OCALA interposes an overlay convergence layer below the transport layer, that is composed of an overlay independent sub-layer that interfaces with legacy applications, and an overlay dependent sub-layer that delivers packets to the overlay. Unlike previous efforts, this design enables: (a) simultaneous access to multiple overlays (b) communication between hosts in different overlays (c) communication between overlay hosts and legacy hosts (d) extensibility, allowing researchers to incorporate their overlays into OCALA. We currently support three overlays, i3 [29], RON [1] and HIP [17], on Linux and Windows XP/2000. We (and a few other research groups and end-users) have used OCALA for over a year with many legacy applications ranging from web browsers to remote desktop applications.
An End-Middle-End Approach to Connection Establishment
- IN: PROCEEDINGS OF SIGCOMM’07, KYOTO
, 2007
"... We argue that the current model for flow establishment in the Internet: DNS Names, IP addresses, and transport ports, is inadequate due to problems that go beyond the small IPv4 address space and resulting NAT boxes. Even where global addresses exist, firewalls cannot glean enough information about ..."
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Cited by 44 (1 self)
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We argue that the current model for flow establishment in the Internet: DNS Names, IP addresses, and transport ports, is inadequate due to problems that go beyond the small IPv4 address space and resulting NAT boxes. Even where global addresses exist, firewalls cannot glean enough information about a flow from packet headers, and so often err, typically by being over-conservative: disallowing flows that might otherwise be allowed. This paper presents a novel architecture, protocol design, and implementation, for flow establishment in the Internet. The architecture, called NUTSS, takes into account the combined policies of endpoints and network providers. While NUTSS borrows liberally from other proposals (URI-like naming, signaling to manage ephemeral IPv4 or IPv6 data flows), NUTSS is unique in that it couples overlay signaling with data-path signaling. NUTSS requires no changes to existing network protocols, and combined with recent NAT traversal techniques, works with IPv4 and existing NAT/firewalls. This paper describes NUTSS and shows how it satisfies a wide range of “end-middle-end” network requirements, including access control, middlebox steering, multi-homing, mobility, and protocol negotiation.
Ambient Networks - An Architecture for Communication Networks Beyond 3G
- IEEE Wireless Communications
, 2004
"... this paper. 5.1 Ambient Media Delivery Overlay Media distribution and delivery is foreseen to become an important task within Ambient Networks. Multimedia services have different requirements when it comes to required media delivery support functions (e.g. conversational multimedia, download, mess ..."
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Cited by 32 (1 self)
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this paper. 5.1 Ambient Media Delivery Overlay Media distribution and delivery is foreseen to become an important task within Ambient Networks. Multimedia services have different requirements when it comes to required media delivery support functions (e.g. conversational multimedia, download, messaging, streaming, multicast/broadcast). Synergies can only be expected from providing a common media delivery support layer to all kind of multimedia services. However, this media delivery layer needs to fulfil all requirements posed by existing multimedia services and it needs to be extendable in order to cope with future service requirements. A particular challenge is the support of "ambient" multimedia services, integrating different end-devices and various access technologies in a seamless way for the sake of an increased service performance and end-user convenience
Performance optimizations for wireless wide-area networks: Comparative study and experimental evaluation
- In MobiCom ’04: Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking
, 2004
"... We present a comparative performance study of a wide selection of optimization techniques to enhance application performance in the context of wide-area wireless networks (WWANs). Unlike in traditional wired and wireless IPbased networks, applications running over WWAN cellular environments are sign ..."
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Cited by 25 (1 self)
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We present a comparative performance study of a wide selection of optimization techniques to enhance application performance in the context of wide-area wireless networks (WWANs). Unlike in traditional wired and wireless IPbased networks, applications running over WWAN cellular environments are significantly affected by the vagaries of the cellular wireless medium. Prior research has proposed and analyzed optimizations at individual layers of the protocol stack. In contrast, we introduce the first detailed experiment-based evaluation and comparison of all such optimization techniques in a commercial WWAN testbed. This paper, therefore, summarizes our experience in implementing and deploying an infrastructure to improve WWAN performance. The goals of this paper are: (1) to perform an accurate benchmark of application performance over such commercially deployed WWAN environments, (2) to implement and characterize the impact of various optimization techniques across different layers of the protocol stack, and (3) to quantify their interdependencies in realistic scenarios. Additionally, we discuss measurement pitfalls that we experienced and provide guidelines that may be useful for future experimentation in WWAN environments. 1.
Pocket switched networking: Challenges, feasibility, and implementation issues
- in Proc. WAC
, 2005
"... Abstract. The Internet is built around the assumption of contemporaneous end-to-end connectivity. This is at odds with what typically happens in mobile networking, where mobile devices move between islands of connectivity, having opportunity to transmit packets through their wireless interface or si ..."
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Cited by 23 (3 self)
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Abstract. The Internet is built around the assumption of contemporaneous end-to-end connectivity. This is at odds with what typically happens in mobile networking, where mobile devices move between islands of connectivity, having opportunity to transmit packets through their wireless interface or simply carrying the data toward a connectivity island. We propose Pocket Switched Networking, a communication paradigm which reflects the reality faced by the mobile user. Pocket Networking falls under DTN. We describe the challenges that this approach entails and provide evidence that it is feasible with today’s technology. 1
A Virtualized Link Layer with Support for Indirection
- In FDNA ’04: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Future directions in network architecture
, 2004
"... The current Internet today hosts several extensions for indirection like Mobile IP, NAT, proxies, route selection and various network overlays. At the same time, user-controlled indirection mechanisms foreseen in the Internet architecture (e.g., loose source routing) cannot be used to implement thes ..."
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Cited by 20 (2 self)
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The current Internet today hosts several extensions for indirection like Mobile IP, NAT, proxies, route selection and various network overlays. At the same time, user-controlled indirection mechanisms foreseen in the Internet architecture (e.g., loose source routing) cannot be used to implement these extensions. This is a consequence of the Internet’s indirection semantics not being rich enough at some places and too rich at others. In order to achieve a more uniform handling of indirection we propose SelNet, a network architecture that is based on a virtualized link layer with explicit indirection support. Indirection in this context refers to user-controlled steering of packet flows through the network. We discuss the architectural implications of such a scheme and report on implementation progress.
TurfNet: An Architecture for Dynamically Composable Networks
- LNCS
, 2005
"... Abstract. The Internet architecture is based on design principles such as end-to-end addressing and global routeability. It suits relatively static, well-managed and flat network hierarchies. Recent years have shown, however, that the Internet is evolving beyond what the current architecture can sup ..."
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Cited by 20 (3 self)
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Abstract. The Internet architecture is based on design principles such as end-to-end addressing and global routeability. It suits relatively static, well-managed and flat network hierarchies. Recent years have shown, however, that the Internet is evolving beyond what the current architecture can support. The Internet architecture struggles to support increasingly conflicting requirements from groups with competing interests, such as network, content and application service providers, or end-users of fixed, mobile and ad hoc access networks. This paper describes a new internetworking architecture, called TurfNet. It pro-vides autonomy for individual network domains, or Turfs, through a novel in-ter-domain communication mechanism that does not require global network addressing or a common network protocol. By minimizing inter-domain de-pendencies, TurfNet provides a high degree of independence, which in turn fa-cilitates autonomic communications. Allowing network domains to fully oper-ate in isolation maximizes the scope of autonomic management functions. To accomplish this, TurfNet integrates the emerging concept of dynamic network composition with other recent architectural concepts such as decoupling loca-tors from identifiers and establishing end-to-end communication across hetero-geneous domains. 1
A Node Identity Internetworking Architecture
- In Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM 2006 Global Internet Workshop
, 2006
"... Abstract — The Internet consists of independent networks that belong to different administrative domains and vary in scope from personal area networks, private home networks, corporate networks to ISP and global operator networks. These networks may employ different technologies, communications medi ..."
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Cited by 18 (2 self)
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Abstract — The Internet consists of independent networks that belong to different administrative domains and vary in scope from personal area networks, private home networks, corporate networks to ISP and global operator networks. These networks may employ different technologies, communications mediums, addressing realms and may have widely different capabilities. The coming years will add a significant level of dynamic behavior, such as mobile nodes and moving networks, which the Internet must support. At the same time, there is a need to address the increasing levels of harmful traffic and denial-of-service attacks. The existing Internet architecture does not support dynamic behavior or secure communication to a sufficient degree. This paper outlines a node-identity-based internetworking architecture that allows heterogeneous networks to work together without loss of functionality. Some of techniques employed in this architecture include reliance on cryptographic node identifiers, identity routers and localized addressing realms. 1 T I.
Invariants – A New Design Methodology for Network Architectures
- Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Future Directions in Network Architecture (FDNA 2004
, 2004
"... The first age of Internet architectural thinking concentrated on defining the correct principles for designing a packet-switched network and its application protocol suites. Although these same principles remain valid today, they do not address the question of how to reason about the evolution of th ..."
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Cited by 17 (3 self)
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The first age of Internet architectural thinking concentrated on defining the correct principles for designing a packet-switched network and its application protocol suites. Although these same principles remain valid today, they do not address the question of how to reason about the evolution of the Internet or its interworking with other networks of very different heritages. This paper proposes a complementary methodology, motivated by the view that evolution and interworking flexibility are determined not so much by the principles applied during initial design, but by the choice of fundamental components or “design invariants ” in terms of which the design is expressed. The paper discusses the characteristics of such invariants, including examples from the Internet and other networks, and considers what attributes of invariants best support architectural flexibility.