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... static or dynamic. While the content of a static Web page is xed, the content of a dynamic page is computed at run time by the server (a similar distinction is proposed by Conallen [2] and Eichmann =-=[3]-=-) and may depend on the information provided by the user through input elds. The boolean ag isDynamic distinguishes the two cases. The class ServerProgram models the script/executable that runs on t...

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...gation maps. Section 4 briefly describes a prototype of a tool we developed to support the process. Section 5 reports the results from a case study we conducted on a real-world Web site with the purpose of validating the feasibility of the whole approach. Finally, Section 6 concludes the paper providing some final remarks and describing future work. 2. Related Work Recently, researchers have extensively studied the problem of defining reverse engineering techniques and tools for analyzing Web applications and support software engineers during their maintenance and evolution [1][2][3][4][5][14][17][31][32]. Ricca and Tonella [31] propose ReWeb, a tool for analyzing the structure and the evolution of static Web sites. They define a conceptual model for representing the structure of a Web site and several structural analyses relying on such model, from flow analysis to graph traversal algorithms and pattern matching. They also represent the evolution of a Web site by using colours as time indicators. This is useful to determine how the original structure of a Web site degrades during its life. In [1], Antoniol et al. propose a methodology for reengineering a static Web site. The recovered...

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...vigation maps. Section 4 briefly presents a prototype of a tool developed to support the approach. Section 5 reports the results from a case study conducted on three real-world Web sites with the purpose of validating the approach and assessing its feasibility and advantages. Finally, Section 6 concludes the paper by providing some final remarks and describing avenues for future work. 2. Related Work In the last decade, the problem of defining methods and tools for the analysis and evolution of Web sites, and in particular their navigation structure, have been extensively studied [1][4][8][13][15][32][33]. Specific forums have also been created to provide researchers and practitioners with venues for discussing issues and propose solutions on the disciplined evolution of Web-based systems [41]. We synthesize and compare to our some of these works. A tool for analyzing the navigation structure of a Web site, its evolution during the time, and for identifying possible restructuring interventions to improve navigability has been proposed by Ricca and Tonella in [32]. While supporting the analysis and restructuring of Web sites, the ReWeb tool does not support the automatic application of ...

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...round Web accessibility, interpreting this theme broadly according to five representative categories: accommodating disabilities, Web literacy, user interfaces, lingual barriers, and open data. We examine previous work that has addressed this theme, focusing on how WSE has contributed to it. Finally, we give an outlook of open issues and future research challenges. II. WEB ACCESSIBILITY The WSE community has long recognized the importance of Web accessibility. At the first WSE event in 1999, Eichmann cautioned, “little attention is paid to issues of comprehension, navigation or accessibility” [14]. When discussing research frontiers for Web systems evolution in 2008, Huang emphasized accessibility in particular, seeing it as “one of the prominent research topics facing [the] WSE community” [20]. In this section we outline the key topics relating to access for all. These topics span a broad range, reflecting the theme’s socio-technical and multi-disciplinary nature. At the keynote of WSE 2001, Boldyreff pointed out that “Web accessibility encompasses a variety of concerns ranging from societal, political, and economic to individual, physical, and intellectual through to the purely techn...

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...readily apparent in the code [24]. On the other hand, the Web has unique features, such as the ones described by Eichmann: single-instantiation, non-stop, fault-tolerant, and incrementally-upgradable =-=[7]-=-. Furthermore, Web sites are complex and highly heterogeneous systems. In general, the higher the degree of visual quality, customization, adaptivity, and proactivity, the more complex and heterogeneo...

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...ion of Web systems, and 123An approach and an Eclipse-based environment for enhancing the navigation structure of Web sites 471 in particular their navigation structure, has been extensively studied =-=[1,4,8,13,15,32,33]-=-. Specific forums have also been created to provide researchers and practitioners with venues for discussing issues and propose solutions on the disciplined evolution of Web-based systems [41]. We syn...

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... notsavailable.s5sRelated WorksIn the past, the problem of defining methods and tools to support software engineerssin maintaining and evolving Web applications have extensively studied [1][4][7][12]s=-=[13]-=-[21][22]. For example, Ricca and Tonella [21] propose ReWeb, a tool forsanalyzing the structure and the evolution of static Web sites. They define a conceptualsmodel for representing the structure of ...