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82
Social cognitive theory in cultural context.
- Applied Psychology: An International Review,
, 2002
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Situated Knowledge and learning in dispersed teams
- British Journal of Management
, 2002
"... This qualitative field study explores how geographically dispersed teams draw on knowledge situated in the multiple physical locales they span, to learn and accomplish their collective work. We propose the construct of situated knowledge as important for understanding the learning process in dispers ..."
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Cited by 69 (2 self)
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This qualitative field study explores how geographically dispersed teams draw on knowledge situated in the multiple physical locales they span, to learn and accomplish their collective work. We propose the construct of situated knowledge as important for understanding the learning process in dispersed teams. Qualitative data collected on seven new product/process development projects, each spanning multiple sites, reveal that situated knowledge is both a blessing (a valuable resource) and a curse (a source of communication difficulty) for dispersed teams. On the one hand, dispersed teams can leverage local competencies and resources because team members understand and participate in local practices. On the other hand, dispersed teams may not be able to use specialized knowledge held by remote team members unless they recognize and adjust for local inflections that give meaning to that knowledge. The paper reports on analyses of 44 learning episodes involving the use of situated knowledge, and draws from these data to suggest critical factors involved in ‘liberating ’ situated knowledge and putting it to use. Implications for research and practice are discussed. (174)
Team Effectiveness in Virtual Environ me n t s : A n Ec ological Approach
, 2005
"... This chapter attempts to address the need for more research on virtual team effectiveness and outlines an ecological theoretical framework that is applicable to virtual learning environments (VLE). Prior empirical studies on virtual team effectiveness used frameworks of traditional team effectivenes ..."
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Cited by 24 (0 self)
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This chapter attempts to address the need for more research on virtual team effectiveness and outlines an ecological theoretical framework that is applicable to virtual learning environments (VLE). Prior empirical studies on virtual team effectiveness used frameworks of traditional team effectiveness and mainly followed Hackman's normative model (input-process-output). We propose an ecological approach for virtual team effectiveness that accounts for team boundaries management, technology use, and external environment in VLE, properties which were previously either non-existent or contextual. The ecological framework suggests that three components, external environment, internal environment, and boundary management, reciprocally interact with effectiveness. The significance of the proposed framework is a holistic perspective that takes into account the complexity of the external and internal environment of the team. Furthermore, we address the needs for new pedagogical approaches in VLE.
The Multi-faceted Nature of Virtual Teams
- In D.J. Pauleen (Ed.), Virtual teams: Projects, protocols, and practices
, 2002
"... Advances in information technology, coupled with competitive pressures, have led to the increasing use of virtual teams in organizations. Their growing popularity has attracted the attention of researchers in both information systems and organizational behaviour. Despite the fact that research on th ..."
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Cited by 20 (1 self)
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Advances in information technology, coupled with competitive pressures, have led to the increasing use of virtual teams in organizations. Their growing popularity has attracted the attention of researchers in both information systems and organizational behaviour. Despite the fact that research on this topic is blooming, our understanding of the virtual team phenomenon is still at an embryonic stage and there is much to learn about such teams before we can fully reap their potential benefits. In our view, a preliminary but necessary step is to investigate the multifaceted nature of virtual teams, so as to better define the true object of our investigations. Therefore, this paper first explores a basic definition of what a virtual team truly is and differentiates it from other related concepts such as virtua l group, virtual organization, virtual community, and telecommuting. In a second step, we identify those key characteristics that 1) differentiate virtual teams from conventional ones and 2) distinguish alternative configurations of virtual teams. Lastly, we illustrate how different configurations of virtual teams may raise different challenges and how management strategies must be chosen accordingly to ensure success. Implications for both practice and research are discussed in the conclusion section.
Growing primacy of human agency in adaptation and change in the electronic era
- Eur Psychol
, 2002
"... The extraordinary advances in electronic technologies and global human intercotmectedness present novel adaptational challenges and expanded opportunities for people to shape their social future and national life. The present article analyzes these pervasive transformational changes from an agentic ..."
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Cited by 20 (2 self)
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The extraordinary advances in electronic technologies and global human intercotmectedness present novel adaptational challenges and expanded opportunities for people to shape their social future and national life. The present article analyzes these pervasive transformational changes from an agentic theoretical perspective rooted in the exercise of perceived per-sonal and collective efficacy. By acting on their efficacy beliefs, people ply the enabling functions of electronic systems to promote their education, health, affective well-being, worklife, organizational innovativeness and productivity and to change social conditions that affect their lives. Tech-nology influences, and is influenced by, the sociostructural nature of societies. The codetertnining sociostructural factors affect whether elec-tronic technologies and globalization serve as positive forces that benefit all or divisive ones in human lives.
Communities of practice and virtual learning communities: Benefits, barriers and success factors. eLearning Papers,
, 2008
"... Summary A virtual Community of Practice (CoP) is a network of individuals who share a domain of interest about which they communicate online. The practitioners share resources (for example experiences, problems and solutions, tools, methodologies). Such communication results in the improvement of t ..."
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Cited by 18 (0 self)
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Summary A virtual Community of Practice (CoP) is a network of individuals who share a domain of interest about which they communicate online. The practitioners share resources (for example experiences, problems and solutions, tools, methodologies). Such communication results in the improvement of the knowledge of each participant in the community and contributes to the development of the knowledge within the domain. A virtual learning community may involve the conduct of original research but it is more likely that its main purpose is to increase the knowledge of participants, via formal education or professional development. Virtual learning communities could have learning as their main goal or the elearning could be generated as a side effect. Virtual communities of practice (CoPs) and virtual learning communities are becoming widespread within higher education institutions (HEIs) thanks to technological developments which enable increased communication, interactivity among participants and incorporation of collaborative pedagogical models, specifically through information communications technologies (ICTs) They afford the potential for the combination of synchronous and asynchronous communication, access to -and from-geographically isolated communities and international information sharing. Clearly there are benefits to be derived from sharing and learning within and outwith HEIs. There is a sense of connectedness, of shared passion and a deepening of knowledge to be derived from ongoing interaction. Knowledge development can be continuous, cyclical and fluid. However, barriers exist in virtual CoPs and these are defined by the authors and illustrated with quotes from academic staff who have been involved in CoPs. Critical success factors (CSFs) for a virtual CoP are discussed. These include usability of technology; trust in, and acceptance of, ICTs in communication; a sense of belonging among members; paying attention to cross-national and cross-cultural dimensions of the CoP; shared understandings; a common sense of purpose; use of netiquette and user-friendly language and longevity. The authors recognise the enormous potential for the development of CoPs through e-mail discussion lists and discussion boards but have themselves experienced the difficulties inherent in initiating such a community. These are corroborated and illustrated with text from interviews with academic staff. Much of the literature on CoPs emanates from outside Europe, despite the fact that e-learning articles have a large diffusion around Europe. The authors suggest further exploration of this topic by identifying and studying CoPs and virtual learning communities across EU countries.
Bridging Global Boundaries for Is Project Success
- 38th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Waikoloa (HI
, 2005
"... Despite the increasing attention to global IS work, there is limited understanding of why and how global IS development projects succeed or fail. Based on the literature on IS success and global teams, we develop a conceptual framework for global IS development project success. We also conducted int ..."
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Cited by 16 (1 self)
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Despite the increasing attention to global IS work, there is limited understanding of why and how global IS development projects succeed or fail. Based on the literature on IS success and global teams, we develop a conceptual framework for global IS development project success. We also conducted interviews with nine global IS project managers to validate this framework through a qualitative attribution analysis to identify common themes and patterns of the interview results. Global project managers identified time separation, cultural differences and geographic distance as the most significant barriers to project success. Organizations implemented various communication mechanisms, task programming, and project control methods to mitigate global risks, leading to project success. 1.
Games for virtual team building
- In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems
, 2008
"... Distributed teams are increasingly common in today's workplace. For these teams, face-to-face meetings where members can most easily build trust are rare and often costprohibitive. 3D virtual worlds and games may provide an alternate means for encouraging team development due to their affordanc ..."
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Cited by 16 (4 self)
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Distributed teams are increasingly common in today's workplace. For these teams, face-to-face meetings where members can most easily build trust are rare and often costprohibitive. 3D virtual worlds and games may provide an alternate means for encouraging team development due to their affordances for facile communication, emotional engagement, and social interaction among participants. Using principles derived from social psychological theory, we have designed and built a collection of team-building games within the popular virtual world Second Life. We detail here the design decisions made in the creation of these games and discuss how they evolved based on early participant observations. Categories and Subject Descriptors
A framework for considering opportunities and threats in distributed software development
- In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Distributed Software Development (Paris, Aug. 29, 2005). Austrian Computer Society
"... In this paper we present an overview of the field of distributed development of software systems and applications (DD). Based on an analysis of the published literature, we consider threats to communication, coordination and control in DD caused by Temporal Distance, Geographical Distance, and Socio ..."
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Cited by 15 (3 self)
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In this paper we present an overview of the field of distributed development of software systems and applications (DD). Based on an analysis of the published literature, we consider threats to communication, coordination and control in DD caused by Temporal Distance, Geographical Distance, and Socio-Cultural Distance. The analysis results in a more complete framework for reasoning in the DD domain which should be a useful resource for both academic researchers and practitioners. 1.