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284
The Effect of Education on Crime: Evidence From Prison Inmates
- California Research Bureau, California State Library
"... We estimate the effect of education on participation in criminal activity accounting for endogeneity of schooling. We first analyze the effect of schooling on incarceration using Census data and changes in state compulsory attendance laws over time as an instrument for schooling. Changes in these la ..."
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Cited by 285 (7 self)
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We estimate the effect of education on participation in criminal activity accounting for endogeneity of schooling. We first analyze the effect of schooling on incarceration using Census data and changes in state compulsory attendance laws over time as an instrument for schooling. Changes in these laws have a significant effect on educational achievement, and we reject tests for reverse causality. We find that schooling significantly reduces the probability of incarceration. Differences in educational attainment between black and white men explain 23 % of the blackwhite gap in male incarceration rates. We corroborate our findings on incarceration using FBI data on arrests that distinguish among different types of crimes. The biggest impacts of education are associated with murder, assault, and motor vehicle theft. We also examine the effect of schooling on self-reported crime in the NLSY and find that our estimates for imprisonment and arrest are caused by changes in criminal behavior and not educational differences in the probability of arrest or incarceration conditional on crime. Given the consistency of our estimates, we calculate the social savings from crime reduction associated with high school graduation among men. The externality is
Why the Apple Doesn’t Fall Far: Understanding Intergenerational Transmission of Human Capital.” NBER Working Paper 10,066
, 2003
"... Cleveland, CREST, and at UCL for helpful suggestions. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the Federal Reserve Bank Parents with higher education levels have children with higher education levels. However, is this because parental education actu ..."
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Cited by 186 (20 self)
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Cleveland, CREST, and at UCL for helpful suggestions. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the Federal Reserve Bank Parents with higher education levels have children with higher education levels. However, is this because parental education actually changes the outcomes of children, suggesting an important spillover of education policies, or is it merely that more able individuals who have higher education also have more able children? This paper proposes to answer this question with a unique dataset from Norway. Using the reform of the education system that was implemented in different municipalities at different times in the 1960s as an instrument for parental education, we find little evidence of a causal relationship between parents ’ education and children’s education, despite significant OLS relationships. We find 2SLS estimates that are consistently lower than the OLS estimates, with the only statistically significant effect being a positive relationship between mother's education and son's education. These findings suggest that the high correlations between parents ’ and children’s education are due primarily to family characteristics and inherited ability and not education spillovers.
Are there civic returns to education
- Journal of Public Economics
, 2004
"... Are There Civic Returns to Education? “…since the achievement of American Independence, the universal and ever-repeated argument in favor of Free Schools has been, that the general intelligence which they are capable of diffusing, and which can be imparted by no other human instrumentality, is indis ..."
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Cited by 160 (0 self)
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Are There Civic Returns to Education? “…since the achievement of American Independence, the universal and ever-repeated argument in favor of Free Schools has been, that the general intelligence which they are capable of diffusing, and which can be imparted by no other human instrumentality, is indispensable to a republican form of government.” Horace Mann (1846)
Growth Theory through the Lens of Development Economics
- In Handbook of Economic Growth. , ed. Philippe Aghion and Steven Durlauf
, 2005
"... The premise of neo-classical growth theory is that it is possible to do a reasonable job of explaining the broad patterns of economic change across countries, by looking at it through the lens of an aggregate production function. The aggregate production function relates the total output of an econo ..."
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Cited by 152 (7 self)
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The premise of neo-classical growth theory is that it is possible to do a reasonable job of explaining the broad patterns of economic change across countries, by looking at it through the lens of an aggregate production function. The aggregate production function relates the total output of an economy (a country, for example) to the aggregate amounts of labor, human capital and physical capital in the economy, and
Estimating Average and Local Average Treatment E¤ects of Education when Compulsory Schooling Laws really
- Matter, American Economic Review
, 2006
"... have had difficulty replicating the UK results using the code I provided in a data appendix. 1 Through these discussions I learned that a few sampling restrictions that were mentioned in the paper were not in the code, and that some datasets were not merged correctly (for example, individuals were m ..."
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Cited by 133 (1 self)
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have had difficulty replicating the UK results using the code I provided in a data appendix. 1 Through these discussions I learned that a few sampling restrictions that were mentioned in the paper were not in the code, and that some datasets were not merged correctly (for example, individuals were matched based on person and household identifiers, but not family identifiers). The British earnings measure for 1994 was also accidentally dropped. This corrigendum therefore updates the code for producing a revised set of UK results which are qualitatively similar to the original results. The revised output does not affect the discussion or conclusions of the original article. One of the primary ideas behind the original article is that the remarkably large response from changes to compulsory schooling laws in the UK provides a rare 1 I thank Paul Devereux, Heather Royer, Joseph Shapiro, and Raymond Guiteras for pointing me to these mistakes. I am a strong supporter of making available code for replication purposes, and I am grateful that these errors were identified using the paper’s data appendix. Part of the difficulty reconciling the results
Does Education Improve Citizenship? Evidence from the U.S
- and the U.K. Journal of Public Economics
, 2004
"... Many studies document an association between schooling and civic participation, but none credibly investigate causal links. We explore the effect of extra schooling induced through compulsory schooling laws on the likelihood of becoming politically involved in the US and the UK. We find that educati ..."
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Cited by 133 (1 self)
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Many studies document an association between schooling and civic participation, but none credibly investigate causal links. We explore the effect of extra schooling induced through compulsory schooling laws on the likelihood of becoming politically involved in the US and the UK. We find that educational attainment is related to several measures of political interest and involvement in both countries. We find a strong and robust relationship between education and voting for the US, but not for the UK. Our US results approach the UK findings when we condition on registration, possibly indicating that registration rules present a barrier to participation.
Constitutions, Politics and Economics: A Review Essay on Persson and Tabellini’s The Economic Effects of Constitutions
- Journal of Economic Literature
, 2005
"... In this essay I review the new book by Torsten Persson and Guido Tabellini, The Economic Effects of Constitutions, which investigates the policy and economic consequences of different forms of government and electoral rules. I also take advantage of this opportunity to discuss the advantages and dis ..."
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Cited by 99 (0 self)
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In this essay I review the new book by Torsten Persson and Guido Tabellini, The Economic Effects of Constitutions, which investigates the policy and economic consequences of different forms of government and electoral rules. I also take advantage of this opportunity to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a number of popular empirical strategies in the newly emerging field of comparative political economy.
How Important Is Human Capital for Development? Evidence from Immigrant Earnings
- Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income, various years
"... This paper offers new evidence on the sources of cross-country income differences. It exploits the idea that observing immigrant workers from different countries in the same labor market provides an opportunity to estimate their human-capital endowments. These estimates suggest that human and physic ..."
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Cited by 89 (1 self)
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This paper offers new evidence on the sources of cross-country income differences. It exploits the idea that observing immigrant workers from different countries in the same labor market provides an opportunity to estimate their human-capital endowments. These estimates suggest that human and physical capital account for only a fraction of cross-country income differences. For countries below 40 percent of U.S. output per worker, less than half of the output gap relative to the United States is attributed to human and physical capital. (JEL O15, O41, F22)
Job hopping in Silicon Valley. Some evidence concerning the microfoundations of a high-technology cluster
- Review of Economics and Statistics
, 2006
"... The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or its staff. We would like to thank our editor, Daron Acemoglu, and two anonymous referees for their insights. In addition we rec ..."
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Cited by 83 (0 self)
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The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or its staff. We would like to thank our editor, Daron Acemoglu, and two anonymous referees for their insights. In addition we received help and
Long Run Substitutability between More and Less Educated Workers: Evidence from U.S
- States 1950–1990”, Review of Economics and Statistics
, 2005
"... Abstract—We estimate the aggregate long-run elasticity of substitution between more educated workers and less educated workers (the slope of the inverse demand curve for more relative to less educated workers) at the U.S. state level. Our data come from the (five) 1950–1990 decennial censuses. Our e ..."
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Cited by 76 (24 self)
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Abstract—We estimate the aggregate long-run elasticity of substitution between more educated workers and less educated workers (the slope of the inverse demand curve for more relative to less educated workers) at the U.S. state level. Our data come from the (five) 1950–1990 decennial censuses. Our empirical approach allows for state and time fixed effects and relies on time- and state-dependent child labor and compulsory school attendance laws as instruments for (endogenous) changes in the relative supply of more educated workers. We find the aggregate long-run elasticity of substitution between more and less educated workers to be around 1.5. I.
