Citation Context

...tions as well as Model References and Schema Mappings for the input and output message of its operations. We also extend SAWSDL by adding preconditions and effects as in our W3C submission on WSDL-S (=-=Akkiraju et al., 2004-=-) for an operation, which will be discussed in later sections. Semantic Templates(Verma, 2006) is the way a service requester defines its task specifications. We again represent a Semantic Template in...

Citation Context

...ategory Language Interface WSDL, OWL-S, WSMO, WSDL-S QoS ORDL-S, WSLA Pre Conditions OWL-S, WSMO Post Conditions OWL-S, WSMO Interaction Patterns WSMO SLA WSLA, WS-Policy Taxonomy OWL-S, WSMO Folksonomy - License ORDL-S Table 1. Overview of Web service description languages Existing Web service models cover different aspects of Web services such as service interface, QoS[17], SLA[13, 18, 14], licensing information [10], etc. However, those models focus on only discovery issues. Table 1 gives an overview of existing and adopted approaches and their descriptive capabilities. For example, WSDL-S [1] embeds semantic information into WSDL [5] files. The OWL-S [20] semantically models Web services from three different perspectives, namely the interface, process model and the details about the transport protocol. The WSMO framework [7] provides an ontology based solution to model Web services. The authors use a dedicated language [9] to represent semantic information about Web services. Various languages, such as WSLA [13], WSOL [19] [18], Slang [14], and tools are developed for specifying service level agreements, but they do not combine SLA-based information with other types of information...

Citation Context

...properties of the presented services. These values are then evaluated by the matchmaker and only those services that both provide the desired functionality and comply with the user-specified nonfunctional properties are presented for selection. A technical issue that has to be resolved is the fact that it is unlikely that all the semantic service specifications for the services providing equivalent functionality contain the same set of nonfunctional properties. Possible strategies depend on the language concepts of the used semantic specification framework (e.g., OWL-S [5], WSMO [8] or WSDL-S [1]), and on whether or not the editor incorporates the concept of abstract services. An abstract service represents a set of service capabilities (i.e., the functionality a service provides). Abstract services in composed services can be used to realize a late binding of the concrete services at runtime: The engine that executes the process can discover all currently registered services that implement the functionality specified in the abstract service. As specifications for abstract services are generalizations of concrete services, it would make sense to annotate them with a set of nonfunction...

Citation Context

...tions and effects may be specified using the Web Ontology Language (OWL) and the Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL). In our system, we use SAWSDL (although if preconditions/effects are desired, WSDL-S =-=[18]-=- extensions are utilized) as the description language for Web services. A SAWSDL file may have semantic annotations for inputs, outputs and functionality. For inputs and outputs, the schema specificat...

Citation Context

...s. Semantic information aims to enhance the integration and Web servicesdiscovery by utilizing the machine readable constructs of the representation. Asnumber of ontologies like OWL-S [15] and WSDL-S =-=[4]-=- have been proposed tosaddress the semantic heterogeneity among Web resources and services. However, asmajority of the Web services available over Internet are not annotated using any ofsthese ontolog...

Citation Context

...hms require a similarity measure algorithm to compare ontological concepts specified using, for example, the Web Ontology Language (OWL) and annotated using the Semantic Annotations for WSDL (SAWSDL) =-=[5, 6]-=- standard. This similarity measure algorithm generates a score by semantically comparing two ontological concepts. We chose to use the W3C SAWSDL standard for semantic Web service, because it provides...

Citation Context

...eb Services using WSDL. Although it effectively improves the search, the approach lacks certainty about generated concepts making an automatic solution less feasible. In contrast, semantic approaches =-=[4, 25, 23, 26, 1, 18]-=- are based on an explicit modeling of ontologies which capture a specific domain knowledge in a generic way using concepts that are commonly agreed and understood [9]. As a consequence, machines becom...