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Articles Family, Neighborhood, and Peer Characteristics as Predictors of Child Adjustment: A Longitudinal Analysis of Additive and Mediation Modelssode_520 511..535
"... The purpose of this study was to test direct, additive, and mediation models involving family, neighborhood, and peer factors in relation to emerging antisocial behavior and social skills. Neighborhood danger, maternal depressive symptoms, and supportive parenting were assessed in early childhood. P ..."
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The purpose of this study was to test direct, additive, and mediation models involving family, neighborhood, and peer factors in relation to emerging antisocial behavior and social skills. Neighborhood danger, maternal depressive symptoms, and supportive parenting were assessed in early childhood. Peer group acceptance was measured in middle childhood, and data on antisocial behavior and social skills were collected when boys were 11 and 12 years old. Results were consistent with an additive effects model of child antisocial behavior. In contrast, peer relationships were stronger pre-dictors of social skills than were family factors. Support for mediation was found in models involving neighborhood danger and supportive parenting. However, only peer group acceptance predicted change in antisocial and prosocial behavior. Implications for family and peer relations as socialization contexts are discussed.
Neighborhood Disadvantage, Stressful Life Events, and Adjustment Among Mexican American Early Adolescents
"... This study examined a stress process model in which stressful life events and association with delinquent peers mediated the relationship of neighborhood disadvantage to Mexican American early adolescents’ mental health. The authors also proposed that child gender, child generation, and neighborhood ..."
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This study examined a stress process model in which stressful life events and association with delinquent peers mediated the relationship of neighborhood disadvantage to Mexican American early adolescents’ mental health. The authors also proposed that child gender, child generation, and neighborhood informal social control would moderate the relationship of neighborhood disadvantage to children’s experiences of stressful life events. With data from 738 Mexican American early adolescents, results generally provided support for the theoretical model although the relationships of neighborhood disadvantage to stressful life events and adjustment were weaker than expected. Additional research is needed to corroborate these results and determine why neighborhood disadvantage may have different relationships to adjustment for Mexican American early adolescents than for others.
BIDIRECTIONAL RELATIONS BETWEEN MEXICAN AMERICAN PARENTING DIMENSIONS AND YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH BY
"... The bidirectional relations between parenting behaviors and youth mental health were examined in a Mexican American adolescent sample using a transactional model. Data were collected at two time points, approximately one year apart. The sample consisted of 216 participants at Time 1 (14-19 years old ..."
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The bidirectional relations between parenting behaviors and youth mental health were examined in a Mexican American adolescent sample using a transactional model. Data were collected at two time points, approximately one year apart. The sample consisted of 216 participants at Time 1 (14-19 years old) and 88 participants at Time 2. Youth reported on internalizing and externalizing symptoms as well as six maternal parenting behaviors. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted with T1 data to test a two-factor structure of parenting behaviors: Supportive Parenting and Harsh Parental Control. Strong evidence was found for higher T1 internalizing symptoms uniquely predicting lower T2 Supportive Parenting when accounting for the variance in T1 Supportive Parenting and externalizing symptoms and T2 Harsh Parental Control. Evidence was also found for higher T1 externalizing symptoms predicting higher T2 Harsh Parental Control when accounting for variance in T1 Harsh Parental Control and internalizing symptoms. Parenting behaviors, however, did not predict youth mental health symptoms as expected. An ecodevelopmental framework including culture, neighborhood context, and developmental stage were used to interpret findings. iii
1 THE PANEL STUDY OF INCOME DYNAMICS’ CHILDHOOD RETROSPECTIVE CIRCUMSTANCES STUDY (PSID-CRCS) USER GUIDE Final Release 1
, 2015
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Title of dissertation: PATHWAYS BETWEEN EXPOSURE TO
"... Arguably one of the greatest influences on a child’s development is the parenting he or she experiences. With that perspective, family stress theory posits that children in low-income families are affected by poverty-related stressors through their effect on their parents. The present study used fam ..."
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Arguably one of the greatest influences on a child’s development is the parenting he or she experiences. With that perspective, family stress theory posits that children in low-income families are affected by poverty-related stressors through their effect on their parents. The present study used family stress theory as a framework to study the impact of proximal (i.e., family structure, maternal depression) and distal (i.e., community violence) risk factors, or stressors, on parenting characteristics which were in turn hypothesized to impact child social-emotional functioning. Data from the FACES 2000 study of children enrolled in Head Start and their families were used to conduct the analyses. The sample consisted of 1417 African American, Latino, and White mothers of preschool children. The present study hypothesized that exposure to violence, family structure, maternal depression, and parenting styles measured at time 1 would affect child social-emotional functioning at time 2. Moreover, it was hypothesized that a SEM model wherein violence exposure, family structure, and maternal depression’s influenced parenting characteristics, which then impacted the child outcome, would fit the data. Finally, it was hypothesized that these findings would be consistent across African
1 Running head: ADDITIVE AND MEDIATION MODELS Family, Neighborhood, and Peer Characteristics as Predictors of Child Adjustment: A Longitudinal Analysis of Additive and Mediation Models
"... 2 The purpose of this study was to test direct, additive, and mediation models involving family, neighborhood, and peer factors in relation to emerging antisocial behavior and social skills. Neighborhood danger, maternal depressive symptoms, and supportive parenting were assessed in early childhood. ..."
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2 The purpose of this study was to test direct, additive, and mediation models involving family, neighborhood, and peer factors in relation to emerging antisocial behavior and social skills. Neighborhood danger, maternal depressive symptoms, and supportive parenting were assessed in early childhood. Peer group acceptance was measured in middle childhood, and data on antisocial behavior and social skills were collected when boys were 11 and 12 years old. Results were consistent with an additive effects model of child antisocial behavior. In contrast, peer relationships were stronger predictors of social skills than were family factors. Support for mediation was found in models involving neighborhood danger and supportive parenting. However, only peer group acceptance predicted change in antisocial and prosocial behavior. Implications for family and peer relations as socialization contexts are discussed. Key words: parent-child relations, peer relationships, antisocial behavior, social skills
Community Social Organization: A Conceptual Linchpin in Examining Families in the Context of Communities*
"... Abstract: The concept of social organization provides an important framework for understanding families in the context of communities and focuses our attention on norms, networks, and associated processes that typify commu-nity life. We discuss the significance of community for understanding family ..."
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Abstract: The concept of social organization provides an important framework for understanding families in the context of communities and focuses our attention on norms, networks, and associated processes that typify commu-nity life. We discuss the significance of community for understanding family outcomes, discuss challenges in defin-ing community context, define social organization and feature several of its associated components and their linkages, and assess research designs that inform the study of social organization. We conclude by suggesting impli-cations for theory (elaborating social organization community processes), research (incorporating designs and mea-sures that reflect collective processes), and practice (maximizing effects generated by informal and formal networks in communities). Key Words: communities, community capacity, families, social organization. Community context factors, including transactions with other families and institutions, are significant elements in understanding and strengthening fami-lies. The work of family science scholars increasingly recognizes that families are surrounded by commu-nity forces that influence both their everyday life
